Piezophototronic effect and electric field polarization using ferroelectric-semiconductors are recently discovered phenomena for realizing efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, conventionally semiconductor materials deposited on rigid and mechanically brittle (Si, FTO and ITO) substrates have been used as photoelectrodes which hinder the scalability of PEC technology. Herein, we introduce a facile and economically feasible approach for the fabrication of flexible and scalable photoelectrodes with ferroelectric properties for efficient PEC water splitting. A flexible PVDF/Cu/PVDF-NaNbO₃ photoanode using ferroelectric-semiconducting PVDF-NaNbO₃ film on flexible PVDF/Cu substrate is fabricated and an enhancement in the water oxidation performance of ~121% with electric field polarization is demonstrated. A positively poled photoanode exhibits the highest photocurrent (~1.37 mA/cm²) compared to as-prepared photoanode (~0.72 mA/cm²) and negatively poled photoanode (~0.62 mA/cm²). Moreover, due to flexibility and piezoelectric properties of PVDF/Cu/PVDF-NaNbO₃ photoanode, a further enhancement in the photocurrent ~26% is obtained using the piezophototronic effect. Our present approach of fabricating flexible ferroelectric-photoelectrodes with tunable PEC properties will pave the way for constructing high performance commercial PEC systems.

使用铁电半导体的压电效应和电场极化是最近发现的用于实现有效的光电化学（PEC）水分解的现象。然而，传统上沉积在刚性和机械脆性（Si，FTO和ITO）衬底上的半导体材料已被用作光电电极，这阻碍了PEC技术的可扩展性。在这里，我们介绍了一种简便且经济可行的方法来制造具有铁电特性的柔性可伸缩光电极，以实现有效的PEC水分解。使用铁电半导体PVDF-NaNbO _3的柔性PVDF / Cu / PVDF-NaNbO ₃光电阳极在柔性PVDF / Cu基板上制造了薄膜，并证明了在电场极化作用下水氧化性能提高了约121％。与准备好的光电阳极（〜0.72 mA / cm ²）和负极光电阳极（〜0.62 mA / cm ²）相比，正极的光电阳极表现出最高的光电流（〜1.37 mA / cm ²）。此外，由于PVDF / Cu / PVDF-NaNbO ₃光电阳极的柔韧性和压电特性，利用压电效应可进一步提高〜26％的光电流。我们目前制造具有可调PEC特性的柔性铁电光电电极的方法将为构建高性能商用PEC系统铺平道路。