Synaptic scaling is a key homeostatic plasticity mechanism and is thought to be involved in the regulation of cortical activity levels. Here we investigated the spatial scale of homeostatic changes in spine size following sensory deprivation in a subset of inhibitory (layer 2/3GAD65-positive) and excitatory (layer 5Thy1-positive) neurons in mouse visual cortex. Using repeatedin vivotwo-photon imaging, we find that increases in spine size are tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) dependent and thus are likely associated with synaptic scaling. Rather than occurring at all spines, the observed increases in spine size are spatially localized to a subset of dendritic branches and are correlated with the degree of recent local spine loss within that branch. Using simulations, we show that such a compartmentalized form of synaptic scaling has computational benefits over cell-wide scaling for information processing within the cell.

中文翻译：

---

剥夺诱导的体内稳态脊柱缩放局限于最近经历过脊柱丢失的树突状分支

突触缩放是稳态稳态可塑性的关键机制，被认为参与了皮层活动水平的调节。在这里，我们研究了小鼠视觉皮层中抑制性神经元（2 / 3GAD65阳性）和兴奋性神经元（5Thy1阳性）的亚群中感觉剥夺后脊柱大小稳态变化的空间尺度。使用重复的体内双光子成像，我们发现脊柱大小的增加是肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）依赖的，因此可能与突触缩放有关。观察到的脊柱大小的增加不是在所有脊柱上都发生，而是在空间上局限于树突状分支的子集，并与该分支内最近的局部脊柱丢失程度相关。使用模拟，