Since ever-increasing energy demands stimulated intensive research activities on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), biomass as an earth-abundant renewable energy source has played an intriguing and promising role in developing sustainable biomass-derived carbons and their composite materials for high-performance LIB anodes. Different from other materials (e.g., silicon, tin, metal oxides, etc.), biomass-derived carbons and their composite materials have been applied more and more to LIBs due to their advantages such as low cost, green and eco-friendly synthesis, easy accessibility, sustainable strategy, and improved battery performance, including capacity, cycling property, and stability/durability. This tutorial review focusing on biomass-derived carbons and their composites in the application of LIB anodes will act as a strategic guide to build a close connection between renewable materials and electrochemical energy storage devices. Also, this review provides a critical analysis and comparison of biomass-derived carbons and their composites for LIB anodes, coupled with an important insight into the remaining challenges and future directions in the field.

中文翻译：

---

生物质衍生的纳米结构碳及其复合材料，作为锂离子电池的负极材料

由于不断增长的能源需求刺激了对锂离子电池（LIB）的深入研究活动，生物质作为一种地球上可再生的能源，在开发可持续的生物质衍生碳及其复合材料以实现高性能方面发挥了引人入胜的前途作用LIB阳极。与其他材料（例如，硅，锡，金属氧化物等）不同），生物质衍生的碳及其复合材料因其低成本，绿色环保合成，易于获取，可持续发展的策略以及改进的电池性能（包括容量，循环性能）而越来越多地应用于锂电池。以及稳定性/耐久性。本教程的重点是在LIB阳极的应用中重点关注生物质衍生的碳及其复合材料，这将作为在可再生材料和电化学储能装置之间建立紧密联系的战略指南。此外，本综述还对用于LIB阳极的生物质衍生碳及其复合材料进行了严格的分析和比较，并对本领域中尚存的挑战和未来的方向提供了重要的见识。