Significant skin pigmentation changes occur when patients suffer deep burn injuries. These pigmentation disorders may cause not only cosmetic and psychological issues, but more importantly it increases the risk of skin cancer or photoaging. Severe burns significantly effect on the process of repigmentation as the pigmentation is tightly regulated by cell proliferation and differentiation of melanocytes and melanocyte stem cells which are housing in the epidermis and hair follicles of the skin. In the present review, we discuss the possible mechanisms to replenish the melanocytes from the healthy epidermis and hair follicles surrounding burn wounds. The molecular mechanisms of skin repigmentation following healing of burn injuries includes the differentiation of melanoblasts into melanocytes, the distribution and responses of melanocytes and melanocyte stem cells after burn injury, and the regulation of melanin production. We also reviewed advanced therapeutic strategies to treat pigmentation disorders, such as convectional surgery, laser, UV treatment and emerging concepts in skin tissue-engineering.

当患者遭受深度烧伤时，皮肤的色素沉着会发生显着变化。这些色素沉着障碍不仅可能引起美容和心理问题，而且更重要的是，它会增加皮肤癌或光老化的风险。严重灼伤对色素沉着过程有显着影响，因为色素沉着是由皮肤表皮和毛囊中容纳的黑素细胞和黑素细胞干细胞的细胞增殖和分化所严格控制的。在本文中，我们讨论了从烧伤创面周围的健康表皮和毛囊中补充黑色素细胞的可能机制。烧伤愈合后皮肤色素沉着的分子机制包括将黑素细胞分化为黑素细胞，烧伤后黑色素细胞和黑色素细胞干细胞的分布和反应，以及黑色素生成的调节。我们还回顾了用于治疗色素沉着疾病的先进治疗策略，例如对流手术，激光，紫外线治疗和皮肤组织工程学中的新兴概念。