For the first time, (003) cracking is observed and determined to be the major cracking mechanism for the primary particles of Ni-rich layered dioxides as the positive electrode for Li-ion batteries. Using transmission electron microscopy techniques, here we show that the propagation and fracturing of platelet-like rock-salt phase along the (003) plane of the layered oxide are the leading cause for the cracking of primary particles. The fracturing of the rock-salt platelet is induced by the stress discontinuity between the parent layered oxide and the rock-salt phase. The high nickel content is considered to be the key factor for the formation of the rock-salt platelet and thus the (003) cracking. The (003)-type cracking can be a major factor for the structural degradation and associated capacity fade of the layered positive electrode.

中文翻译：

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锂离子电池层状正极中的岩石盐生长诱导（003）裂纹

首次观察到（003）开裂，并确定它是将富镍层状二氧化钛的一次颗粒用作锂离子电池正极的主要开裂机理。使用透射电子显微镜技术，在这里我们显示了片状岩石盐相沿层状氧化物（003）平面的传播和破裂是导致初级颗粒破裂的主要原因。母岩层氧化物与岩盐相之间的应力不连续性引起了岩盐薄片的破裂。高的镍含量被认为是形成盐岩薄片并因此导致（003）破裂的关键因素。（003）型裂纹可能是分层正极的结构劣化和相关的容量衰减的主要因素。