Quantitation of environmental pollutants has gained momentum due to its widespread requirement in the fields of clinical research, occupational hygiene, public health, and societal welfare. The use of functionalized fluorescent nanomaterials (FFNMs: e.g., metal nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, carbon dots, nanotubes, and nanocrystals) has opened a new avenue for creating simple, selective, and non-invasive real-time analysis, as they can satisfy the growing demand for rapid and cost-effective quantitation. Here, we discuss novel strategies for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of a variety of organic and inorganic environmental pollutants by detecting changes in photo-physical or optical properties (e.g., fluorescence, absorbance, and color) of FFNMs used as probes. Particularly, we emphasize potential approaches for the synthesis and characterization of FFNMs and their underlying interactions with environmental pollutants. The simplification of design and enhancement of specificity towards target analytes should be pursued further to upgrade their real-world applicability in diverse fields.

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功能性荧光纳米材料，用于感测环境中的污染物：关键评论

由于其在临床研究，职业卫生，公共卫生和社会福利领域中的广泛需求，因此对环境污染物的定量化已经获得了动力。功能化荧光纳米材料（FFNM：例如金属纳米颗粒，半导体量子点，碳点，纳米管和纳米晶体）的使用为创建简单，选择性和非侵入性的实时分析开辟了一条新途径，因为它们可以满足对快速，经济高效的定量分析的需求不断增长。在这里，我们讨论通过检测用作探针的FFNM的光物理或光学特性（例如，荧光，吸光度和颜色）的变化，对各种有机和无机环境污染物进行定性和定量分析的新策略。特别，我们强调了FFNM的合成和表征及其与环境污染物的潜在相互作用的潜在方法。应进一步简化设计并增强对目标分析物的特异性，以提高其在不同领域的实际应用性。