The INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) family of transcriptional regulators controls a diversity of processes in a variety of plant tissues and organs and at different stages of plant development. Several recent reports describe the genetic characterization of IDD family members, including those that are likely to regulate C₄ kranz anatomy, with implications for the engineering of C₄ traits into C₃ crops. In this review we summarize the reported functions of IDD members in the regulation of metabolic sensing and leaf, root, seed, and inflorescence development. We also provide an IDD phylogeny for the grasses and suggest future directions and strategies to define the function of IDDs in C₄ photosynthesis and other developmental processes.

转录域的INDETERMINATE DOMAIN（IDD）系列控制着各种植物组织和器官以及植物发育的不同阶段的多种过程。最近的一些报道描述了IDD家族成员的遗传特征，包括可能调节C ₄ kranz解剖结构的成员，这对将C ₄性状工程化为C ₃作物具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们总结了IDD成员在代谢感测以及叶，根，种子和花序发育调控中所报告的功能。我们还为草地提供了IDD的系统发育系统，并提出了未来的方向和策略，以定义IDD在C ₄光合作用和其他发育过程中的功能。