Neoantigens arise from somatic mutations that differ from wild-type antigens and are specific to each individual patient, which provide tumor specific targets for developing personalized cancer vaccines. Decades of work has increasingly shown the potential of targeting neoantigens to generate effective clinical responses. Current clinical trials using neoantigen targeting cancer vaccines, including in combination with checkpoint blockade monoclonal antibodies, have demonstrated potent T-cell responses against those neoantigens accompanied by antitumor effects in patients. Personalized neoantigen vaccines represent a potential new class of cancer immunotherapy.

新抗原源自与野生型抗原不同的体细胞突变，并且对每个患者都是特异性的，它们为开发个性化的癌症疫苗提供了肿瘤特异性靶标。数十年的工作越来越显示出靶向新抗原产生有效临床反应的潜力。当前使用靶向新抗原的癌症疫苗（包括结合检查点封锁单克隆抗体的临床试验）已经证明，针对这些新抗原的有效T细胞反应伴随着患者的抗肿瘤作用。个性化的新抗原疫苗代表了一种潜在的新型癌症免疫疗法。