Background

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by oxidative damage of the cellular ingredients has a substantial role in the development of many diseases, such as cancer. Fisetin (3, 3′, 4′, 7 –tetrahydroxyflavone) is a less familiar but widely distributed plant-based flavonoid in foods. Recently, several biological activities of fisetin have been identified including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects. The antioxidant activity of fisetin as a flavonoid has been shown in several studies, but limited comprehensive data is available on the mechanistic aspects of its antioxidant activity.

Scope and approach

This paper reviewed the reports regarding intracellular antioxidant effects of fisetin in different settings, with a comparative view to the other structurally related flavonoids. Additionally, we have summarized the suggested mechanisms of action for fisetin considering its possible interactions with signaling pathways. Some directions for future studies, reinforcing the antioxidant capacity of the human body against oxidative stress and related disorders are identified.

Key findings and conclusions

Fisetin, when transmitted through cellular membranes, can interact with diverse redox-related signaling pathways. These pathways are mainly NF-κB, Nrf2, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt, so fisetin exerts its effective antioxidant activity through multiple mechanisms such as reinforcing enzymatic and non-enzymatic intracellular antioxidants, chelating transition metal ions and acting as a substrate for oxidoreductase activity. Therefore, the antioxidant effects of fisetin include more than just free radical scavenging. In the future, other cellular pathways that are also possibly involved should be explored and conducting well-designed clinical trials using low-doses of fisetin should be considered.

中文翻译：

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黄酮类非瑟酮的抗氧化特性：体内和体外研究的最新综述

背景

由于细胞成分的氧化损伤而导致的活性氧（ROS）的过量生产在许多疾病（例如癌症）的发生中起着重要作用。Fisetin（3，3'，4'，7-四羟基黄酮）是食品中鲜为人知但分布广泛的植物类黄酮。最近，已确定非瑟汀的几种生物学活性，包括神经保护，抗炎和抗癌作用。非瑟酮作为类黄酮的抗氧化活性已在数项研究中显示，但有关其抗氧化活性的机理方面的综合数据有限。

范围和方法

本文回顾了有关非瑟定在不同环境下的细胞内抗氧化作用的报道，并与其他与结构相关的类黄酮进行了比较。此外，我们已经总结了非瑟汀的可能的作用机制，考虑到其可能与信号传导途径的相互作用。确定了未来研究的一些方向，这些方向可以增强人体对氧化应激和相关疾病的抗氧化能力。

主要发现和结论

Fisetin通过细胞膜传播时，可以与多种氧化还原相关的信号通路相互作用。这些途径主要是NF-κB，Nrf2，MAPK和PI3K / Akt，因此非瑟定通过多种机制发挥其有效的抗氧化活性，例如增强酶促和非酶促细胞内抗氧化剂，螯合过渡金属离子并充当氧化还原酶活性的底物。因此，非瑟汀的抗氧化作用不仅包括清除自由基。将来，应探索可能也涉及的其他细胞途径，并应考虑使用低剂量的非瑟定进行精心设计的临床试验。