Dried blood spot (DBS) has been used for more than 50 years for the screening of inborn errors of metabolism in newborns. Although DBS has remained the standard approach for most applications for many years, alternative sampling tools have been developed in parallel in attempts to overcome some of the well-described limitations of DBS. These alternatives were developed to accurately collect microliters of blood (typically 5-30 μl) in the least invasive way possible. In this review, three novel microsampling devices (dried plasma spots, capillary microsampling and volumetric absorptive microsampling) are compared to DBS and conventional plasma sampling. Covered domains include omics fields, pre-clinical studies, diagnosis, patient care (via therapeutic drug monitoring) and forensic toxicology. Specific advantages and limitations of each technique are presented for the different disciplines and perspectives for these promising technologies are discussed.

中文翻译：

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超越干血斑：当前在生物医学应用中的微量采样技术

干血斑（DBS）已用于筛选新生儿先天性代谢错误已有50多年的历史。尽管多年来，DBS一直是大多数应用程序的标准方法，但并行开发了替代采样工具，以克服DBS的某些局限性。开发这些替代方案的目的是以尽可能少的侵入性方式准确收集微升血液（通常为5-30μl）。在这篇综述中，将三种新型的微采样设备（干燥血浆斑点，毛细管微采样和体积吸收微采样）与DBS和常规血浆采样进行了比较。涵盖的领域包括组学领域，临床前研究，诊断，患者护理（通过治疗药物监测）和法医毒理学。