Viridiofungins are alkyl citrate natural products characterized by their inhibitory effects on squalene synthase and serine palmitoyl transferase. Their activities as broad-spectrum antifungal agents as well as blocking agents for the biosynthesis of sphingolipids have inspired the development of several approaches toward their stereoselective total synthesis. Structurally, these natural products are a family of hybrid molecules comprising a longer alkyl chain and a citric acid unit, rendering an asymmetric structure that is difficult to access. Herein, we summarize the synthetic approaches to this attractive class of natural products, including proficient synthetic strategies for constructing the densely and chirally functionalized citric acid unit with high polarity. Particular emphasis is placed on methods for furnishing stereogenic centers in the highly constrained carbon framework.The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, 27 September 2017; doi:10.1038/ja.2017.110.

中文翻译：

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维地芬净，广谱抗真菌药和丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶抑制剂的合成研究。

病毒红蛋白是柠檬酸烷基酯的天然产物，其特征在于它们对角鲨烯合酶和丝氨酸棕榈酰转移酶的抑制作用。它们作为鞘脂生物合成的广谱抗真菌剂和阻滞剂的活性启发了其立体选择性全合成的几种方法的发展。从结构上讲，这些天然产物是包含较长烷基链和柠檬酸单元的杂化分子家族，呈现出难以接近的不对称结构。在这里，我们总结了这种有吸引力的天然产物类别的合成方法，包括用于构建具有高极性的致密和手性官能化柠檬酸单元的熟练合成策略。特别强调的是在高度受限的碳框架中提供立体异构中心的方法。《抗生素杂志》在线提前出版，2017年9月27日; doi：10.1038 / ja.2017.110。