In its most recent Model List of Essential Medicines,¹ WHO adopted a new classification for antibiotics. This new model comprises three categories: Key Access antibiotics (eg, β-lactam, aminoglycoside, and first-generation or second-generation cephalosporin antibiotics) that “should be widely available, affordable and quality-assured”;¹ Watch Group antibiotics (including most of the highest priority critically important antimicrobials for human medicine—eg, macrolides, quinolones, glycopeptides, penems, and third-generation cephalosporins)² recommended only for specific, limited indications; and Reserve Group antibiotics (eg, fourth-generation and fifth-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, polymixins) for situations when all alternative antibiotics have failed.

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印度获取，观察和储备抗生素：世卫组织管理工作面临的挑战

在其最新的基本药物标准清单中，¹世卫组织采用了新的抗生素分类。这个新模型包括三类：“应该广泛获得，负担得起并且有质量保证的”关键获取抗生素（例如，β-内酰胺，氨基糖苷和第一代或第二代头孢菌素抗生素）；¹观察组抗生素（包括对人类医学最重要的最重要的至关重要的抗微生物药物，例如大环内酯类，喹诺酮类，糖肽类，青霉素类和第三代头孢菌素）²仅建议用于特定的，有限的适应症；当所有替代抗生素均无效时，使用和储备组抗生素（例如，第四代和第五代头孢菌素，氨曲南，多纤菌素）。