Protein glycosylation is a posttranslational modification that affects more than half of all known proteins. Glycans covalently bound to biomolecules modulate their functions by both direct interactions, such as the recognition of glycan structures by binding partners, and indirect mechanisms that contribute to the control of protein conformation, stability, and turnover. The focus of this Review is the discussion of aberrant glycosylation related to brain cancer. Altered sialylation and fucosylation of N- and O-glycans play a role in the development and progression of brain cancer. Additionally, aberrant O-glycan expression has been implicated in brain cancer. This Review also addresses the clinical potential and applications of aberrant glycosylation for the detection and treatment of brain cancer. The viable roles glycans may play in the development of brain cancer therapeutics are addressed as well as cancer-glycoproteomics and personalized medicine. Glycoprotein alterations are considered as a hallmark of cancer while high expression in body fluids represents an opportunity for cancer assessment.

中文翻译：

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脑癌中糖基化的变化

蛋白质糖基化是翻译后修饰，影响超过所有已知蛋白质的一半。与生物分子共价结合的聚糖通过直接相互作用（例如通过结合配偶体识别聚糖结构）和有助于控制蛋白质构象，稳定性和更新率的间接机制来调节其功能。这篇综述的重点是与脑癌有关的糖基化异常的讨论。N-和O-聚糖的唾液酸化和岩藻糖基化改变在脑癌的发生和发展中起作用。此外，异常O-聚糖表达与脑癌有关。这篇综述还探讨了异常糖基化在脑癌检测和治疗中的临床潜力和应用。讨论了聚糖在脑癌治疗剂的开发中可能发挥的可行作用，以及癌症糖代谢组学和个性化药物。糖蛋白改变被认为是癌症的标志，而体液中的高表达则代表了癌症评估的机会。