Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), non-protein-coding RNAs that are more than 200 nucleotides in length, have been demonstrated to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, particularly in tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. Dysregulation of lncRNAs, which serve as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, is involved in diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation, dedifferentiation, migration, invasion and anti-apoptosis. Promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA (PANDAR), which was recently found to manifest aberrant expression in various malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, is a novel cancer-related lncRNA. Deregulation of PANDAR contributes to tumorigenesis and progression of cancers, suggesting that PANDAR is likely to represent a viable biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers. In this review, we summarize current evidence regarding the biological functions and mechanisms of PANDAR during tumor development.

中文翻译：

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PANDAR：人类癌症中与癌症相关的关键性长非编码RNA

长的非编码RNA（lncRNA），长度超过200个核苷酸的非蛋白质编码RNA已被证明在人类疾病的病理生理中，尤其是在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。作为癌基因或抑癌基因的lncRNA失调涉及多种细胞过程，例如增殖，去分化，迁移，侵袭和抗凋亡。CDKN1A反义DNA损伤激活RNA（PANDAR）的启动子是一种新型的与癌症相关的lncRNA，它是在包括非小细胞肺癌，肝细胞癌，结肠直肠癌和胃癌在内的各种恶性肿瘤中异常表达的启动子。PANDAR的失控有助于癌症的发生和发展，提示PANDAR可能代表人类癌症的可行生物标志物和治疗靶标。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关PANDAR在肿瘤发展过程中的生物学功能和机制的当前证据。