Although the multidisciplinary nature of nuclear medicine (NM) and clinical molecular imaging is a key strength of the specialty, the breadth of disciplines involved in the practice of NM creates challenges for education and training. The evolution of NM science and technology—and the practice of clinical molecular imaging and theranostics—has created a need for changes in the approach to specialty training. The broader U.S. community of imaging physicians has been slow to accept this change, in good part due to historical divides between the NM and nuclear radiology (NR) communities. In this Journal of Nuclear Medicine Hot Topics discussion, we review the historical pathways to training; discuss the training needs for the modern practice of NM, clinical molecular imaging, and radionuclide therapy; and suggest a path forward for an approach to training that matches the needs of the evolving clinical specialty.

尽管核医学（NM）和临床分子影像学的多学科性质是该专业的关键优势，但参与NM实践的学科的广度给教育和培训带来了挑战。NM科学技术的发展以及临床分子成像和诊断学实践的发展，引起了对专业培训方法的改变的需求。美国影像医学界的发展缓慢，这在很大程度上是由于NM和核放射学（NR）界之间的历史分歧所致。在本《核医学杂志》中热门话题讨论，我们回顾了培训的历史途径；讨论对NM，临床分子成像和放射性核素治疗的现代实践的培训需求；并为符合不断发展的临床专业需求的培训方法提供了一条前进的道路。