Annual Review of Virology ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-101416-041726 Anice C. Lowen 1
Influenza A viruses are constantly changing. This change accounts for seasonal epidemics, infrequent pandemics, and zoonotic outbreaks. A major mechanism underlying the genetic diversification of influenza A virus is reassortment of intact gene segments between coinfecting viruses. This exchange is possible because of the segmented nature of the viral genome. Here, I first consider the constraints and drivers acting on influenza A virus reassortment, including the likelihood of coinfection at the host and cellular levels, mixing and assembly of heterologous gene segments within coinfected cells, and the fitness associated with reassortant genotypes. I then discuss the implications of reassortment for influenza A virus evolution, including its classically recognized role in the emergence of genetically “shifted” pandemic strains as well as its potential role as a catalyst of genetic drift.
中文翻译:
甲型流感病毒重排的限制因素,驱动因素及其影响
甲型流感病毒在不断变化。这种变化是季节性流行病,罕见大流行和人畜共患病暴发的原因。甲型流感病毒遗传多样化的主要机制是合并感染的病毒之间完整基因片段的重新分配。由于病毒基因组的分段性质,这种交换是可能的。在这里,我首先考虑对甲型流感病毒重排起作用的限制因素和驱动因素,包括在宿主和细胞水平上共同感染的可能性,在合并感染的细胞内异源基因片段的混合和组装以及与重排基因型相关的适应性。然后,我讨论了重组对甲型流感病毒进化的影响,