Dissociation is a complex, ubiquitous construct in psychopathology. Symptoms of dissociation are present in a variety of mental disorders and have been connected to higher burden of illness and poorer treatment response, and not only in disorders with high levels of dissociation. This meta-analysis offers a systematic and evidence-based study of the prevalence and distribution of dissociation, as assessed by the Dissociative Experiences Scale, within different categories of mental disorders, and it updates an earlier meta-analysis.

More than 1,900 original publications were screened, and 216 were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 15,219 individuals in 19 diagnostic categories.

The largest mean dissociation scores were found in dissociative disorders (mean scores >35), followed by posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, and conversion disorder (mean scores >25). Somatic symptom disorder, substance-related and addictive disorders, feeding and eating disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder, OCD, and most affective disorders also showed mean dissociation scores >15. Bipolar disorders yielded the lowest dissociation scores (mean score, 14.8).

The findings underline the importance of careful psychopathological assessment of dissociative symptoms in the entire range of mental disorders.

分离是精神病理学中一个复杂的，无处不在的结构。解离的症状存在于多种精神障碍中，不仅与解离程度高的疾病有关，而且与较高的疾病负担和较差的治疗反应有关。这项荟萃分析提供了系统的，基于证据的研究，以不同类型的精神障碍为依据，通过Dissociative Experience Scale进行了评估，研究了离解的发生率和分布，并更新了早期的荟萃分析。

筛选了1,900多种原始出版物，荟萃分析中包括216种，包括19种诊断类别的15,219名个体。

最大的平均解离得分发现于解离性障碍（平均得分> 35），其次是创伤后应激障碍，交际型人格障碍和转换障碍（平均得分> 25）。躯体症状障碍，与物质有关的和成瘾性障碍，进食和进食障碍，精神分裂症，焦虑症，强迫症和大多数情感障碍也显示平均离解得分> 15。双相情感障碍的解离评分最低（平均评分为14.8）。

这些发现强调了在整个精神障碍范围内对分离症状进行仔细的心理病理学评估的重要性。