Bicontinuous jammed emulsions (or bijels) are tortuous, interconnected structures of two immiscible liquids, kinetically trapped by colloidal particles that are irreversibly bound to the oil–water interface^1,2. A wealth of applications has been proposed for bijels in catalysis, energy storage and molecular encapsulation^3,4,5, but large domain sizes (on the order of 5 µm or larger) and difficulty in fabrication pose major barriers to their use^6,7,8. Here, we show that bijels with sub-micrometre domains can be formed via homogenization, rather than spinodal decomposition. We achieve this by using nanoparticle surfactants: polymers and nanoparticles of complementary functionality (for example, ion-pairing) that bind to one another at the oil–water interface^9,10. This allows the stabilization of the bijel far from the demixing point of the liquids, with interfacial tensions on the order of 20 mN m⁻¹. Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as solvent, nanoparticle and ligand can all be varied.

双连续堵塞的乳状液（或bijels）是两种不混溶液体的曲折，相互连接的结构，被胶体粒子动态地捕获，该胶体粒子不可逆地结合在油水界面^1,2上。提出了在催化，能量存储和分子封装方面胆甾醇的大量应用^3,4,5，但是较大的畴尺寸（约5 µm或更大）和制造困难对它们的使用构成了主要障碍^{6,7 ，8}。在这里，我们显示可以通过均质化而不是旋节线分解来形成具有亚微米级域的Bijels。我们通过使用纳米颗粒表面活性剂来实现这一目标：表面活性剂具有互补功能（例如，离子对）的聚合物和纳米颗粒在油水界面相互结合^9,10。这允许在远离液体的分离点的情况下稳定比耶尔胶，界面张力为20 mN m ^-1数量级。此外，我们的策略非常灵活，因为溶剂，纳米颗粒和配体均可变化。