Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. While the local infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells, and their role in the disease have long been recognized, neutrophil infiltration has also been assessed in many clinical studies. In these studies, airway neutrophilia was associated with asthma severity. Importantly, neutrophilia also correlates with asthma that is refractory to corticosteroids, the mainstay of asthma treatment. However, it is now increasingly recognized that neutrophils are a heterogeneous population, and a more precise phenotyping of these cells may help delineate different subtypes of asthma. Here, we review current knowledge of the role of neutrophils in asthma and highlight future avenues of research in this field.

中文翻译：

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哮喘中性粒细胞炎症与疾病严重程度的关系

哮喘是气道的慢性炎症性疾病。尽管人们早已认识到嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大细胞的局部浸润及其在疾病中的作用，但在许多临床研究中也已评估了嗜中性白细胞的浸润。在这些研究中，气道中性粒细胞增多与哮喘的严重程度有关。重要的是，嗜中性白血球也与难治性皮质类固醇激素（哮喘的主要治疗药物）有关。但是，现在越来越认识到，中性粒细胞是异质性群体，这些细胞的更精确的表型可能有助于描述哮喘的不同亚型。在这里，我们回顾了中性粒细胞在哮喘中作用的最新知识，并着重指出了该领域的未来研究途径。