Nanoparticles composed of functional materials hold great promise for applications due to their unique electronic, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties. However, a number of functional materials are not only difficult to fabricate at the nanoscale, but are also chemically unstable in solution. Hence, protecting nanoparticles from corrosion is a major challenge for those applications that require stability in aqueous solutions and biological fluids. Here, this study presents a generic scheme to grow hybrid 3D nanoparticles that are completely encapsulated by a nm thick protective shell. The method consists of vacuum‐based growth and protection, and combines oblique physical vapor deposition with atomic layer deposition. It provides wide flexibility in the shape and composition of the nanoparticles, and the environments against which particles are protected. The work demonstrates the approach with multifunctional nanoparticles possessing ferromagnetic, plasmonic, and chiral properties. The present scheme allows nanocolloids, which immediately corrode without protection, to remain functional, at least for a week, in acidic solutions.

中文翻译：

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防腐蚀杂化纳米颗粒

由功能材料组成的纳米颗粒具有独特的电子，光学，磁性和催化特性，因此具有广阔的应用前景。然而，许多功能材料不仅难以在纳米级上制造，而且在溶液中化学上也不稳定。因此，对于要求在水溶液和生物流体中具有稳定性的应用而言，保护纳米颗粒免受腐蚀是主要的挑战。在这里，这项研究提出了一种通用的方案，用于生长被3纳米厚的保护壳完全封装的杂化3D纳米粒子。该方法包括基于真空的生长和保护，并将倾斜的物理气相沉积与原子层沉积结合在一起。它在纳米颗粒的形状和组成方面提供了广泛的灵活性，以及保护微粒的环境。这项工作演示了使用具有铁磁，等离子体和手性特性的多功能纳米粒子的方法。本方案允许在没有保护的情况下立即腐蚀的纳米胶体在酸性溶液中保持功能至少一周。