Membrane organelles comprise both proteins and lipids. Remodeling of these membrane structures is controlled by interactions between specific proteins and lipids. Mitochondrial structure and function depend on regulated fusion and the division of both the outer and inner membranes. Here we discuss recent advances in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by two critical phospholipids, phosphatidic acid (PA) and cardiolipin (CL). These two lipids interact with the core components of mitochondrial fusion and division (Opa1, mitofusin, and Drp1) to activate and inhibit these dynamin-related GTPases. Moreover, lipid-modifying enzymes such as phospholipases and lipid phosphatases may organize local lipid composition to spatially and temporarily coordinate a balance between fusion and division to establish mitochondrial morphology.

膜细胞器包含蛋白质和脂质。这些膜结构的重塑是由特定蛋白质和脂质之间的相互作用控制的。线粒体的结构和功能取决于调节的融合以及外膜和内膜的分裂。在这里，我们讨论通过两个关键磷脂，磷脂酸（PA）和心磷脂（CL）调节线粒体动力学的最新进展。这两个脂质与线粒体融合和分裂（Opa1，mitofusin和Drp1）的核心成分相互作用，以激活和抑制这些与动力相关的GTPases。此外，脂质修饰酶，例如磷脂酶和脂质磷酸酶可以组织局部脂质组成，以在空间和暂时协调融合与分裂之间的平衡以建立线粒体形态。