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Metabolic Diversity and Novelties in the Oomycetes
Annual Review of Microbiology ( IF 10.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090816-093609
Howard S. Judelson 1
Affiliation  

The eukaryotic microbes called oomycetes include many important saprophytes and pathogens, with the latter exhibiting necrotrophy, biotrophy, or obligate biotrophy. Understanding oomycete metabolism is fundamental to understanding these lifestyles. Genome mining and biochemical studies have shown that oomycetes, which belong to the kingdom Stramenopila, secrete suites of carbohydrate- and protein-degrading enzymes adapted to their environmental niches and produce unusual lipids and energy storage compounds. Despite having limited secondary metabolism, many oomycetes make chemicals for communicating within their species or with their hosts. Horizontal and endosymbiotic gene transfer events have diversified oomycete metabolism, resulting in biochemical pathways that often depart from standard textbook descriptions by amalgamating enzymes from multiple sources. Gene fusions and duplications have further shaped the composition and expression of the enzymes. Current research is helping us learn how oomycetes interact with host and environment, understand eukaryotic diversity and evolution, and identify targets for drugs and crop protection chemicals.

中文翻译:


卵菌中的代谢多样性和新颖性

称为卵菌的真核微生物包括许多重要的腐生菌和病原体,后者表现出坏死性,生物型或专性生物型。了解卵菌代谢是了解这些生活方式的基础。基因组采矿和生化研究表明,属于Stramenopila王国的卵菌类分泌能适应其环境生态位的碳水化合物和蛋白质降解酶套件,并产生不同寻常的脂质和储能化合物。尽管二次代谢受到限制,许多卵菌仍在制造化学物质以在其物种内或与宿主进行交流。水平和共生基因转移事件已使卵菌代谢多样化,通过合并多种来源的酶,导致生化途径经常偏离标准教科书的描述。基因融合和复制进一步塑造了酶的组成和表达。当前的研究正在帮助我们了解卵菌如何与宿主和环境相互作用,了解真核生物的多样性和进化,并确定药物和农作物保护化学物质的目标。

更新日期:2017-09-08
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