当前位置: X-MOL 学术Biol. Rev. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Reconsidering connectivity in the sub-Antarctic
Biological Reviews ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-03-29 , DOI: 10.1111/brv.12327
Katherine L. Moon 1, 2 , Steven L. Chown 1 , Ceridwen I. Fraser 2
Affiliation  

Extreme and remote environments provide useful settings to test ideas about the ecological and evolutionary drivers of biological diversity. In the sub‐Antarctic, isolation by geographic, geological and glaciological processes has long been thought to underpin patterns in the region's terrestrial and marine diversity. Molecular studies using increasingly high‐resolution data are, however, challenging this perspective, demonstrating that many taxa disperse among distant sub‐Antarctic landmasses. Here, we reconsider connectivity in the sub‐Antarctic region, identifying which taxa are relatively isolated, which are well connected, and the scales across which this connectivity occurs in both terrestrial and marine systems. Although many organisms show evidence of occasional long‐distance, trans‐oceanic dispersal, these events are often insufficient to maintain gene flow across the region. Species that do show evidence of connectivity across large distances include both active dispersers and more sedentary species. Overall, connectivity patterns in the sub‐Antarctic at intra‐ and inter‐island scales are highly complex, influenced by life‐history traits and local dynamics such as relative dispersal capacity and propagule pressure, natal philopatry, feeding associations, the extent of human exploitation, past climate cycles, contemporary climate, and physical barriers to movement. An increasing use of molecular data – particularly genomic data sets that can reveal fine‐scale patterns – and more effective international collaboration and communication that facilitates integration of data from across the sub‐Antarctic, are providing fresh insights into the processes driving patterns of diversity in the region. These insights offer a platform for assessing the ways in which changing dispersal mechanisms, such as through increasing human activity and changes to wind and ocean circulation, may alter sub‐Antarctic biodiversity patterns in the future.

中文翻译:

重新考虑亚南极地区的连通性

极端和偏远的环境为测试有关生物多样性的生态和进化驱动因素的想法提供了有用的环境。在亚南极地区,地理、地质和冰川过程的隔离一直被认为是该地区陆地和海洋多样性模式的基础。然而,使用越来越高分辨率数据的分子研究正在挑战这一观点,表明许多分类群分散在遥远的亚南极大陆。在这里,我们重新考虑亚南极地区的连通性,确定哪些分类群是相对孤立的,哪些是良好连通的,以及这种连通性在陆地和海洋系统中发生的尺度。尽管许多生物显示出偶尔长距离、跨洋传播的证据,这些事件往往不足以维持整个地区的基因流动。确实显示出远距离连通性证据的物种包括活跃的传播者和更久坐不动的物种。总体而言,岛内和岛间尺度的亚南极地区的连通性模式非常复杂,受生活史特征和当地动态的影响,例如相对扩散能力和繁殖压力、出生的亲缘关系、喂养协会、人类剥削的程度、过去的气候周期、当代气候和运动的物理障碍。越来越多地使用分子数据——特别是可以揭示精细模式的基因组数据集——以及更有效的国际合作和交流,以促进整个亚南极地区的数据整合,正在为推动该地区多样性模式的过程提供新的见解。这些见解为评估不断变化的传播机制(例如通过增加人类活动以及改变风和海洋环流)可能改变亚南极生物多样性模式的方式提供了一个平台。
更新日期:2017-03-29
down
wechat
bug