It is not insignificant that seminal contributions to management scholarship have highlighted luck as an alternative explanation for performance differences between individuals and organizations. Yet it has rarely taken center-stage in scholarship. The principal purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic review of the application of luck in the management literature and in such foundation disciplines as economics, sociology, and psychology. Our analysis finds five common perspectives on luck: (a) luck as Attribution; (b) luck as Randomness; (c) luck as Counterfactual; (d) luck as Undeserved; and (e) luck as Serendipity. We outline various ways in which research on luck may be advanced along each of these perspectives, and develop an underexplored, sixth, perspective on (f) luck as Leveler to provide a possible solution to such issues as social inequality and (unwarranted) executive compensation.

对管理奖学金的开创性贡献突出了运气，作为对个人和组织之间绩效差异的另一种解释，这并不是无关紧要的。然而，它很少在学术界占据中心位置。本文的主要目的是对运气在管理文献以及经济学，社会学和心理学等基础学科中的应用进行系统的综述。我们的分析发现了关于运气的五个常见观点：（a）归因于运气；（b）幸运为随机性；（c）运气反事实；（d）运气不当；（e）碰巧运气。我们概述了可以从上述各个方面进行运气研究的各种方式，并开发了一种尚未被充分研究的第六种方法，