Current efforts in precision oncology largely focus on the benefit of genomics-guided therapy. Yet, advances in sequencing techniques provide an unprecedented view of the complex genetic and nongenetic heterogeneity within individual tumors. Herein, we outline the benefits of integrating genomic and transcriptomic analyses for advanced precision oncology. We summarize relevant computational approaches to detect novel drivers and genetic vulnerabilities, suitable for therapeutic exploration. Clinically relevant platforms to functionally test predicted drugs/drug combinations for individual patients are reviewed. Finally, we highlight the technological advances in single cell analysis of tumor specimens. These may ultimately lead to the development of next-generation cancer drugs, capable of tackling the hurdles imposed by genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity on current anticancer therapies.

当前在精确肿瘤学方面的努力主要集中在基因组学指导治疗的益处上。然而，测序技术的进步为单个肿瘤内复杂的遗传和非遗传异质性提供了空前的视野。在此，我们概述了将基因组和转录组分析相集成以进行高级精确肿瘤学的好处。我们总结了相关的计算方法，以检测适用于治疗性探索的新型驱动程序和遗传漏洞。审查了临床上相关平台，以对各个患者的预期药物/药物组合进行功能测试。最后，我们重点介绍了肿瘤标本的单细胞分析技术的进步。这些可能最终导致下一代癌症药物的开发，