Zika and dengue are mosquito-borne diseases that present similar nonspecific symptoms but possess dramatically different outcomes. The first line of defense in epidemic outbreaks are rapid point-of-care diagnostics. Because many outbreaks occur in areas that are resource poor, assays that are easy to use, inexpensive, and require no power have become invaluable in patient treatment, quarantining, and surveillance. Paper-based sandwich immunoassays such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) are attractive as point-of-care solutions as they have the potential for wider deployability than lab-based assays such as PCR. However, their low sensitivity imposes limitations on their ability to detect low biomarker levels and early diagnosis. Here, we exploit the high sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in a multiplexed assay that can distinguish between Zika and dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) biomarkers. SERS-encoded gold nanostars were conjugated to specific antibodies for both diseases and used in a dipstick immunoassay, which exhibited 15-fold and 7-fold lower detection limits for Zika NS1 and dengue NS1, respectively. This platform combines the simplicity of a LFA with the high sensitivity of SERS and could not only improve Zika diagnosis but also detect diseases sooner after infection when biomarker levels are low.

中文翻译：

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基于表面增强拉曼光谱的夹心免疫分析法对寨卡病毒和登革热病毒生物标记物的多重检测。

寨卡病毒和登革热是蚊媒疾病，表现出相似的非特异性症状，但结局却截然不同。流行病暴发的第一道防线是快速即时诊断。由于许多暴发发生在资源贫乏的地区，因此在患者治疗，隔离和监视中，易于使用，价格低廉且无需耗电的分析方法变得无价之宝。纸质三明治式免疫测定法（如侧向流动测定法（LFA））作为即时解决方案很有吸引力，因为它们比PCR等基于实验室的测定法具有更大的可部署性。然而，它们的低敏感性限制了它们检测低生物标志物水平和早期诊断的能力。这里，我们在多重分析中利用表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）的高灵敏度，可以区分寨卡病毒和登革热非结构蛋白1（NS1）生物标志物。将SERS编码的金纳米星与两种疾病的特异性抗体缀合，并用于量油尺免疫测定法，其对Zika NS1和登革热NS1的检出限分别低15倍和7倍。该平台将LFA的简单性与SERS的高灵敏度结合在一起，不仅可以改善寨卡病毒的诊断，而且在生物标志物水平较低时也可以在感染后更快地检测出疾病。分别对Zika NS1和登革热NS1的检测限降低了15倍和7倍。该平台将LFA的简单性与SERS的高灵敏度结合在一起，不仅可以改善寨卡病毒的诊断，而且在生物标志物水平较低时也可以在感染后更快地检测出疾病。分别对Zika NS1和登革热NS1的检测限降低了15倍和7倍。该平台将LFA的简单性与SERS的高灵敏度结合在一起，不仅可以改善寨卡病毒的诊断，而且在生物标志物水平较低时也可以在感染后更快地检测出疾病。