Abstract Doping of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) into polysulfone (PSf) flat sheet membranes was prepared by phase inversion process. The characterizations of the PSf and PSf-MWCNT, PSf-SiO2, PSf-TiO2 and PSf-ZnO membranes were achieved using Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, contact angle measurement, dynamic mechanical analyzer, thermo-gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscope. Vacuum enhanced direct contact membrane distillation unit was used for evaluating the efficacy of prepared membranes in water desalination. Optimizing the operational procedures and water characteristics ensured a high slat rejection of 99.99% using the prepared membranes. The highest permeate flux obtained in the order of MWCNT (41.58) > SiO2 (38.84) > TiO2(35.6) > ZnO (34.42 L/m2·h) with optimized concentration of 1.0, 0.5, 0.75, 0.5 wt% relative to PSf weight, i.e. 15%. The optimum operational conditions included feed and permeate temperatures 60 °C and 20 °C, respectively, synthetic NaCl feed water with salinity was 10,000 ppm.

中文翻译：

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纳米材料混合聚砜的比较性能评估：通过真空增强直接接触膜蒸馏进行水淡化的放大方法

摘要 采用相转化法制备了多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）、二氧化硅（SiO2）、二氧化钛（TiO2）和氧化锌（ZnO）在聚砜（PSf）平板膜中的掺杂。PSf 和 PSf-MWCNT、PSf-SiO2、PSf-TiO2 和 PSf-ZnO 膜的表征是使用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、接触角测量、动态机械分析仪、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜实现的。真空增强直接接触膜蒸馏装置用于评价制备的膜在水脱盐中的功效。使用制备的膜优化操作程序和水特性确保了 99.99% 的高板条截留率。以 MWCNT (41.58) > SiO2 (38.84) > TiO2(35.6) > ZnO (34.42 L/m2·h) 的优化浓度为 1.0、0.5、0.75、0.5 wt%，相对于 PSf 重量，即 15%。最佳操作条件包括进料和渗透温度分别为 60 °C 和 20 °C，合成 NaCl 进料水的盐度为 10,000 ppm。