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Immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: Existing challenges and exciting prospects
Drug Resistance Updates ( IF 24.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.07.002
Hongyan Jia , Cristina I. Truica , Bin Wang , Yanhong Wang , Xingcong Ren , Harold A. Harvey , Jianxun Song , Jin-Ming Yang

Patients with breast tumors that do not express the estrogen receptor, the progesterone receptor, nor Her-2/neu are hence termed “triple negatives”, and generally have a poor prognosis, with high rates of systemic recurrence and refractoriness to conventional therapy regardless of the choice of adjuvant treatment. Thus, more effective therapeutic options are sorely needed for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which occurs in approximately 20% of diagnosed breast cancers. In recent years, exploiting intrinsic mechanisms of the host immune system to eradicate cancer cells has achieved impressive success, and the advances in immunotherapy have yielded potential new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this devastating subtype of breast cancer. It is anticipated that the responses initiated by immunotherapeutic interventions will explicitly target and annihilate tumor cells, while at the same time spare normal cells. Various immunotherapeutic approaches have been already developed and tested, which include the blockade of immune checkpoints using neutralizing or blocking antibodies, induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), adoptive cell transfer-based therapy, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment to enhance the activity of CTLs. One of the most important areas of breast cancer research today is understanding the immune features and profiles of TNBC and devising novel immune-modulatory strategies to tackling TNBC, a subtype of breast cancer notorious for its poor prognosis and its imperviousness to conventional treatments. On the optimal side, one can anticipate that novel, effective, and personalized immunotherapy for TNBC will soon achieve more success and impact clinical treatment of this disease which afflicts approximately 20% of patients with breast cancer. In the present review, we highlight the current progress and encouraging developments in cancer immunotherapy, with a goal to discuss the challenges and to provide future perspectives on how to exploit a variety of new immunotherapeutic approaches including checkpoint inhibitors and neoadjuvant immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with TNBC.



中文翻译:

三阴性乳腺癌的免疫疗法:现有挑战和令人振奋的前景

因此,不表达雌激素受体,孕激素受体或Her-2 / neu的乳腺肿瘤患者被称为“三联阴性”,并且预后较差,全身复发率高且对传统疗法难以治疗,无论辅助治疗的选择。因此,三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)迫切需要更有效的治疗选择,三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)约占诊断出的乳腺癌的20%。近年来,利用宿主免疫系统的内在机制根除癌细胞已取得了令人瞩目的成功,并且免疫疗法的进步为治疗这种毁灭性的乳腺癌亚型提供了潜在的新治疗策略。预期由免疫治疗干预引发的反应将明确靶向并消灭肿瘤细胞,同时保留正常细胞。已经开发和测试了多种免疫治疗方法,包括使用中和或阻断抗体来阻断免疫检查点,诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL),基于过继细胞转移的治疗以及调节肿瘤微环境以增强其免疫活性。 CTL。当今乳腺癌研究的最重要领域之一是了解TNBC的免疫特征和概况,并设计出新颖的免疫调节策略来应对TNBC,TNBC是因预后差和对常规治疗的不透性而臭名昭著的乳腺癌亚型。在最佳方面,可以预见到这本小说,有效且个性化的TNBC免疫疗法将很快获得更大的成功,并影响该疾病的临床治疗,该疾病折磨着大约20%的乳腺癌患者。在本综述中,我们重点介绍了癌症免疫疗法的当前进展和令人鼓舞的发展,目的是讨论挑战并提供未来观点,以探讨如何利用各种新的免疫疗法方法,包括检查点抑制剂和新辅助免疫疗法来治疗患者与TNBC。

更新日期:2017-08-19
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