Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a pathogen of major significance to global human health and is strongly associated with rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance. UPEC is the primary cause of urinary tract infection (UTI), a disease that involves a complicated pathogenic pathway of extracellular and intracellular lifestyles during interaction with the host. The application of multiple ‘omic’ technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, has provided enormous knowledge to our understanding of UPEC biology. Here we outline this progress and present a view for future developments using these exciting forefront technologies to fully comprehend UPEC pathogenesis in the context of infection.

肾盂肾炎大肠杆菌（UPEC）是对全球人类健康的重要意义病原体，并与迅速增加的抗生素耐药性有很强的联系。UPEC是尿路感染（UTI）的主要原因，该疾病涉及与宿主互动期间细胞外和细胞内生活方式的复杂致病性途径。多种“组学”技术的应用，包括基因组学，转录组学，蛋白质组学和代谢组学，为我们对UPEC生物学的理解提供了丰富的知识。在这里，我们概述了这一进展，并提出了使用这些令人振奋的前沿技术来全面理解感染情况下的UPEC发病机理的未来发展的观点。