Astrocytes are abundant within mature neural circuits and are involved in brain disorders. Here, we summarize our current understanding of astrocytes and Huntington's disease (HD), with a focus on correlative and causative dysfunctions of ion homeostasis, calcium signaling, and neurotransmitter clearance, as well as on the use of transplanted astrocytes to produce therapeutic benefit in mouse models of HD. Overall, the data suggest that astrocyte dysfunction is an important contributor to the onset and progression of some HD symptoms in mice. Additional exploration of astrocytes in HD mouse models and humans is needed and may provide new therapeutic opportunities to explore in conjunction with neuronal rescue and repair strategies.

中文翻译：

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揭示和利用亨廷顿病中的星形胶质细胞功能障碍

星形胶质细胞在成熟的神经回路中非常丰富，并且与脑部疾病有关。在这里，我们总结了我们目前对星形胶质细胞和亨廷顿病 (HD) 的理解，重点关注离子稳态、钙信号传导和神经递质清除的相关和因果功能障碍，以及使用移植的星形胶质细胞对小鼠产生治疗益处高清模型。总体而言，数据表明星形胶质细胞功能障碍是小鼠某些 HD 症状发生和进展的重要因素。需要在 HD 小鼠模型和人类中进一步探索星形胶质细胞，这可能会提供新的治疗机会，以结合神经元拯救和修复策略进行探索。