In addition to rusts, the subphylum Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota) includes a large number of unicellular or dimorphic fungi which are usually studied as yeasts. Ribosomal DNA sequence analyses have shown that the current taxonomic system of the pucciniomycetous yeasts which is based on phenotypic criteria is not concordant with the molecular phylogeny and many genera are polyphyletic. Here we inferred the molecular phylogeny of 184 pucciniomycetous yeast species and related filamentous fungi using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses based on the sequences of seven genes, including the small subunit ribosomal DNA (rDNA), the large subunit rDNA D1/D2 domains, the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS 1 and 2) of rDNA including the 5.8S rDNA gene; the nuclear protein-coding genes of the two subunits of DNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2) and the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1); and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (CYTB). A total of 33 monophyletic clades and 18 single species lineages were recognised among the pucciniomycetous yeasts employed, which belonged to four major lineages corresponding to Agaricostilbomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, Microbotryomycetes and Mixiomycetes. These lineages remained independent from the classes Atractiellomycetes, Classiculomycetes, Pucciniomycetes and Tritirachiomycetes formed by filamentous taxa in Pucciniomycotina. An updated taxonomic system of pucciniomycetous yeasts implementing the ‘One fungus = One name’ principle will be proposed based on the phylogenetic framework presented here.

除锈蚀外，Pucciniomycotina亚门（Basidiomycota））包括大量通常作为酵母进行研究的单细胞或双态真菌。核糖体DNA序列分析表明，目前基于表型标准的古菌酵母分类系统与分子系统发育不一致，许多属具有多重系统。在这里，我们基于七个基因的序列，包括小亚基核糖体DNA（rDNA），大亚基rDNA D1 / D2等七个基因的序列，使用最大似然，最大简约和贝叶斯推断分析来推断184个pucciniomycetticcetous酵母物种和相关丝状真菌的分子系统发育。域，包括5.8S rDNA基因的rDNA内部转录间隔区（ITS 1和2）；DNA聚合酶II的两个亚基的核蛋白编码基因（RPB1和RPB2）和翻译延伸因子1-α（TEF1）; 和线粒体基因细胞色素b（CYTB）。总共33个单系进化枝和18个单个物种谱系采用的pucciniomycetous酵母，属于对应于四个主要谱系中被承认伞型束梗孢菌纲，囊担菌纲，微球黑粉菌纲和Mixiomycetes。这些谱系从类保持独立小纺锤菌纲，Classiculomycetes，柄锈菌和Tritirachiomycetes通过在丝状形成类群Pucciniomycotina。基于此处提出的系统发育框架，将提出一种实施“一种真菌=一个名字”原则的更新的放线菌酵母分类系统。