The rate of annual yield increases for major staple crops must more than double relative to current levels in order to feed a predicted global population of 9 billion by 2050. Controlled hybridization and selective breeding have been used for centuries to adapt plant and animal species for human use. However, achieving higher, sustainable rates of improvement in yields in various species will require renewed genetic interventions and dramatic improvement of agricultural practices. Genomic prediction of breeding values has the potential to improve selection, reduce costs and provide a platform that unifies breeding approaches, biological discovery, and tools and methods. Here we compare and contrast some animal and plant breeding approaches to make a case for bringing the two together through the application of genomic selection. We propose a strategy for the use of genomic selection as a unifying approach to deliver innovative 'step changes' in the rate of genetic gain at scale.

中文翻译：

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基因组预测将动植物育种程序统一起来，形成生物学发现的平台。

为了在2050年之前养活90亿的全球人口，主要主粮的年产量增长率必须比目前水平高出一倍以上。几个世纪以来，控制杂交和选择性育种已被用于使动植物物种适应人类的需求。采用。但是，要实现更高的，可持续的提高各种物种产量的速度，将需要重新进行基因干预并大大改善农业实践。育种价值的基因组预测具有改善选择，降低成本以及提供统一育种方法，生物学发现以及工具和方法的平台的潜力。在这里，我们比较和对比了一些动植物育种方法，从而为通过基因组选择的应用将两者融合在一起提供了理由。