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Emerging Roles for the Lysosome in Lipid Metabolism
Trends in Cell Biology ( IF 19.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.07.006
Ashley M. Thelen , Roberto Zoncu

Precise regulation of lipid biosynthesis, transport, and storage is key to the homeostasis of cells and organisms. Cells rely on a sophisticated but poorly understood network of vesicular and nonvesicular transport mechanisms to ensure efficient delivery of lipids to target organelles. The lysosome stands at the crossroads of this network due to its ability to process and sort exogenous and endogenous lipids. The lipid-sorting function of the lysosome is intimately connected to its recently discovered role as a metabolic command-and-control center, which relays multiple nutrient cues to the master growth regulator, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)1 kinase. In turn, mTORC1 potently drives anabolic processes, including de novo lipid synthesis, while inhibiting lipid catabolism. Here, we describe the dual role of the lysosome in lipid transport and biogenesis, and we discuss how integration of these two processes may play important roles both in normal physiology and in disease.



中文翻译:

溶酶体在脂质代谢中的新兴作用。

脂质生物合成,运输和储存的精确调节是细胞和生物体内稳态的关键。细胞依靠囊泡和非囊泡转运机制的复杂但鲜为人知的网络来确保脂质向靶细胞器的有效递送。溶酶体由于其加工和分类外源性和内源性脂质的能力而处于该网络的十字路口。溶酶体的脂质分选功能与其最近发现的作为代谢命令和控制中心的作用密切相关,该中心将多种营养线索传递给雷帕霉素复合物(mTORC)1激酶的主要靶标生长调节剂。反过来,mTORC1可以有效地驱动合成代谢过程,包括从头开始脂质合成,同时抑制脂质分解代谢。在这里,我们描述了溶酶体在脂质转运和生物发生中的双重作用,并讨论了这两个过程的整合如何在正常生理和疾病中起重要作用。

更新日期:2017-08-30
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