We develop roadmaps to transform the all-purpose energy infrastructures (electricity, transportation, heating/cooling, industry, agriculture/forestry/fishing) of 139 countries to ones powered by wind, water, and sunlight (WWS). The roadmaps envision 80% conversion by 2030 and 100% by 2050. WWS not only replaces business-as-usual (BAU) power, but also reduces it ∼42.5% because the work: energy ratio of WWS electricity exceeds that of combustion (23.0%), WWS requires no mining, transporting, or processing of fuels (12.6%), and WWS end-use efficiency is assumed to exceed that of BAU (6.9%). Converting may create ∼24.3 million more permanent, full-time jobs than jobs lost. It may avoid ∼4.6 million/year premature air-pollution deaths today and ∼3.5 million/year in 2050; ∼$22.8 trillion/year (12.7 ¢/kWh-BAU-all-energy) in 2050 air-pollution costs; and ∼$28.5 trillion/year (15.8 ¢/kWh-BAU-all-energy) in 2050 climate costs. Transitioning should also stabilize energy prices because fuel costs are zero, reduce power disruption and increase access to energy by decentralizing power, and avoid 1.5°C global warming.

我们制定了路线图，将139个国家的通用能源基础设施（电力，交通，供热/制冷，工业，农业/林业/渔业）转变为以风，水和阳光（WWS）为动力的国家。该路线图设想到2030年将达到80％的转换，到2050年将达到100％的转换。WWS不仅代替了常规使用（BAU）的电力，而且将其减少了约42.5％，因为WWS的功：能量比超过了燃烧（23.0 ％），WWS不需要开采，运输或加工燃料（12.6％），并且假定WWS的最终使用效率超过BAU的最终使用效率（6.9％）。转换可能创造的永久性全职工作比失去的工作多出约2430万。如今，它可以避免每年约460万人因空气污染而过早死亡，而到2050年则可以避免每年约350万人因空气污染而死亡；到2050年的空气污染成本为22.8万亿美元/年（12.7¢/ kWh-BAU-全部能量）；2050年的气候成本约为28.5万亿美元/年（15.8¢/ kWh-BAU-全部能量）。过渡还应稳定能源价格，因为燃料成本为零，通过分散电力来减少电力中断并增加对能源的获取，并避免1.5°C的全球变暖。