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The Lysosome as a Regulatory Hub
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2016-10-06 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-125125
Rushika M Perera 1 , Roberto Zoncu 2
Affiliation  

The lysosome has long been viewed as the recycling center of the cell. However, recent discoveries have challenged this simple view and have established a central role of the lysosome in nutrient-dependent signal transduction. The degradative role of the lysosome and its newly discovered signaling functions are not in conflict but rather cooperate extensively to mediate fundamental cellular activities such as nutrient sensing, metabolic adaptation, and quality control of proteins and organelles. Moreover, lysosome-based signaling and degradation are subject to reciprocal regulation. Transcriptional programs of increasing complexity control the biogenesis, composition, and abundance of lysosomes and fine-tune their activity to match the evolving needs of the cell. Alterations in these essential activities are, not surprisingly, central to the pathophysiology of an ever-expanding spectrum of conditions, including storage disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Thus, unraveling the functions of this fascinating organelle will contribute to our understanding of the fundamental logic of metabolic organization and will point to novel therapeutic avenues in several human diseases.

中文翻译:


溶酶体作为监管中心

溶酶体长期以来一直被视为细胞的循环中心。然而,最近的发现挑战了这种简单的观点,并确立了溶酶体在营养依赖信号转导中的核心作用。溶酶体的降解作用及其新发现的信号功能并不冲突,而是广泛合作以介导基本的细胞活动,例如营养感应、代谢适应以及蛋白质和细胞器的质量控制。此外,基于溶酶体的信号传导和降解受到相互调节。越来越复杂的转录程序控制着溶酶体的生物发生、组成和丰度,并微调它们的活性以适应细胞不断变化的需求。这些基本活动的变化并不奇怪,对包括贮积症、神经退行性疾病和癌症在内的一系列疾病的病理生理学至关重要。因此,解开这个迷人的细胞器的功能将有助于我们理解代谢组织的基本逻辑,并将指出几种人类疾病的新治疗途径。

更新日期:2016-10-06
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