In additively manufactured (AM) metallic materials, the fundamental interrelationships that exist between composition, processing, and microstructure govern these materials’ properties and potential improvements or reductions in performance. For example, by using AM, it is possible to achieve highly desirable microstructural features (e.g., highly refined precipitates) that could not otherwise be achieved by using conventional approaches. Simultaneously, opportunities exist to manage macro-level microstructural characteristics such as residual stress, porosity, and texture, the last of which might be desirable. To predictably realize optimal microstructures, it is necessary to establish a framework that integrates processing variables, alloy composition, and the resulting microstructure. Although such a framework is largely lacking for AM metallic materials, the basic scientific components of the framework exist in literature. This review considers these key components and presents them in a manner that h...

中文翻译：

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增材制造金属材料的微观结构控制

在增材制造 (AM) 金属材料中，成分、加工和微观结构之间存在的基本相互关系决定了这些材料的特性以及潜在的性能改进或降低。例如，通过使用增材制造，可以实现使用传统方法无法实现的非常理想的微观结构特征（例如，高度精炼的沉淀物）。同时，存在管理宏观微观结构特征（例如残余应力、孔隙率和质地）的机会，其中最后一个可能是可取的。为了可预测地实现最佳微观结构，有必要建立一个整合加工变量、合金成分和最终微观结构的框架。尽管 AM 金属材料在很大程度上缺乏这样的框架，但该框架的基本科学组件存在于文献中。本评论考虑了这些关键组成部分，并以一种...