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Transcription as a Threat to Genome Integrity
Annual Review of Biochemistry ( IF 16.6 ) Pub Date : 2016-06-13 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014908
Hélène Gaillard 1 , Andrés Aguilera 1
Affiliation  

Genomes undergo different types of sporadic alterations, including DNA damage, point mutations, and genome rearrangements, that constitute the basis for evolution. However, these changes may occur at high levels as a result of cell pathology and trigger genome instability, a hallmark of cancer and a number of genetic diseases. In the last two decades, evidence has accumulated that transcription constitutes an important natural source of DNA metabolic errors that can compromise the integrity of the genome. Transcription can create the conditions for high levels of mutations and recombination by its ability to open the DNA structure and remodel chromatin, making it more accessible to DNA insulting agents, and by its ability to become a barrier to DNA replication. Here we review the molecular basis of such events from a mechanistic perspective with particular emphasis on the role of transcription as a genome instability determinant.

中文翻译:


转录对基因组完整性的威胁

基因组经历不同类型的零星改变,包括 DNA 损伤、点突变和基因组重排,它们构成了进化的基础。然而,由于细胞病理学和触发基因组不稳定性,这些变化可能以高水平发生,这是癌症和许多遗传疾病的标志。在过去的二十年中,积累的证据表明,转录是 DNA 代谢错误的重要天然来源,可能会损害基因组的完整性。转录可以通过其打开 DNA 结构和重塑染色质的能力,使其更容易被 DNA 污染剂接触,并通过其成为 DNA 复制障碍的能力,为高水平的突变和重组创造条件。

更新日期:2016-06-13
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