This article uses the New Immigrant Survey to assess the occupational mobility of US immigrants. Estimates from OLS and Heckman selection models show the occupational mobility of immigrants follows a U-shaped pattern: immigrants arriving in the United States see their occupational status decline before it gradually improves. However, even 9 years after coming to the United States, the occupational status of immigrants remains lower than prior to their arrival in the country. Our findings also suggest that immigrant women with higher occupational status tend to move more often to the United States than immigrant men. Conversely, immigrant women are more likely than men to experience career interruptions after migration. Finally, occupational employment growth rates (defined as the growth rate in the number of jobs for an occupation) have a positive impact on both men and women immigrants' ability to recover their occupational status, though the impact appears to be greater for immigrant women.

中文翻译：

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具有挑战性的转变？按性别评估美国移民的职业流动模式,具有挑战性的转变？按性别评估美国移民的职业流动模式

本文使用新移民调查来评估美国移民的职业流动性。OLS和赫克曼选择模型的估计表明，移民的职业流动性遵循U型模式：到达美国的移民的职业地位先下降，然后逐渐改善。然而，即使来到美国九年后，移民的职业地位仍然低于抵达美国之前。我们的研究结果还表明，职业地位较高的女性移民往往比男性移民更频繁地移居美国。相反，移民女性比男性更有可能在移民后经历职业中断。最后，职业就业增长率（定义为某一职业的工作数量增长率）对男性和女性移民恢复职业地位的能力都有积极影响，尽管这种影响似乎对移民女性更大。,本文使用新移民调查来评估美国移民的职业流动性。OLS和赫克曼选择模型的估计表明，移民的职业流动性遵循U型模式：到达美国的移民的职业地位先下降，然后逐渐改善。然而，即使来到美国九年后，移民的职业地位仍然低于抵达美国之前。我们的研究结果还表明，职业地位较高的女性移民往往比男性移民更频繁地移居美国。相反，移民女性比男性更有可能在移民后经历职业中断。最后，职业就业增长率（定义为某一职业的工作数量增长率）对男性和女性移民恢复职业地位的能力都有积极影响，尽管这种影响似乎对移民女性更大。