Few studies have analysed the challenges that the countries may have to face to become competitive as tourism destinations. To address this gap, this research analyses competitiveness through two key dimensions: the comparative advantage and competitive advantage of a destination. The model proposed is based on Crouch and Ritchie's competitiveness model and the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index for a sample of 137 countries. The methods applied are data envelopment analysis and truncated regression with bootstrap. The results reveal that those countries with a major comparative advantage do not necessarily present a highly competitive advantage since the positions in both competitiveness dimensions are related to the degree of development of the countries. The tourist-related and environmental-related managerial capabilities that lead significant strategic assets being achieved for a better competitive advantage are also identified. The findings offer useful managerial information since they provide a valuable understanding of the competitiveness of countries when compared to others.

很少有研究分析过这些国家要成为具有竞争力的旅游目的地可能必须面对的挑战。为了解决这一差距，本研究通过两个关键维度分析竞争力：目的地的比较优势和竞争优势。所提出的模型基于 Crouch 和 Ritchie 的竞争力模型以及针对 137 个国家/地区样本的旅游业竞争力指数。应用的方法是数据包络分析和带引导程序的截断回归。结果表明，那些具有主要比较优势的国家不一定具有高度的竞争优势，因为这两个竞争力维度的位置都与国家的发展程度有关。还确定了与旅游相关和与环境相关的管理能力，这些能力可以导致重要的战略资产获得更好的竞争优势。调查结果提供了有用的管理信息，因为它们提供了对国家与其他国家相比竞争力的宝贵理解。