In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens’ own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens’ everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associated with democracy. It introduces the framework by analyzing the structural underpinnings of democratic discontent in Chile and then applying it to the analysis of perceived citizenship entitlements in 18 countries, using the AmericasBarometer data. Significant variance is observed across time and both across and within countries. The descriptive findings also imply that only a (declining) minority of Latin American citizens feel fully entitled to civil, political, and social citizenship rights. We advocate the need to bring the demand side of democracy back to the analysis of democratic shortcomings and crises.

中文翻译：

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不平衡的国家、不平等的社会和民主未兑现的承诺：智利和当代拉丁美洲的公民权

在当代拉丁美洲，对政治精英和制度的根深蒂固的社会不满，自相矛盾地与民主的稳定和弹性相对应。这一悖论表明，对民主的学术评估至少部分地与公民自己对民主的看法不一致。因此，本文开发了一个框架来描述公民在与民主相关的公民、政治和社会权利方面的日常体验。它通过分析智利民主不满的结构性基础来引入该框架，然后使用 AmericasBarometer 数据将其应用于 18 个国家/地区的感知公民权利分析。在不同时间以及国家之间和国家内部都观察到显着差异。描述性调查结果还表明，只有少数（正在下降的）拉丁美洲公民认为完全有权享有公民、政治和社会公民权利。我们主张有必要把民主的需求方带回到对民主缺陷和危机的分析。