Introduction

This systematic review and network meta-analysis assessed via direct and indirect comparison the occurrence and magnitude of effects following different nutritional supplementation strategies and exercise interventions on acute and chronic rowing performance and its surrogates.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, PsycNET and SPORTDiscus searches were conducted until March 2022 to identify studies that met the following inclusion criteria: (a) controlled trials, (b) rowing performance and its surrogate parameters as outcomes, and (c) peer-reviewed and published in English. Frequentist network meta-analytical approaches were calculated based on standardized mean differences (SMD) using random effects models.

Results

71 studies with 1229 healthy rowers (aged 21.5 ± 3.0 years) were included and two main networks (acute and chronic) with each two subnetworks for nutrition and exercise have been created. Both networks revealed low heterogeneity and non-significant inconsistency (I² ≤ 35.0% and Q statistics: p ≥ 0.12). Based on P-score rankings, while caffeine (P-score 84%; SMD 0.43) revealed relevantly favorable effects in terms of acute rowing performance enhancement, whilst prior weight reduction (P-score 10%; SMD − 0.48) and extensive preload (P-score 18%; SMD − 0.34) impaired acute rowing performance. Chronic blood flow restriction training (P-score 96%; SMD 1.26) and the combination of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate and creatine (P-score 91%; SMD 1.04) induced remarkably large positive effects, while chronic spirulina (P-score 7%; SMD − 1.05) and black currant (P-score 9%; SMD − 0.88) supplementation revealed impairment effects.

Conclusion

Homogeneous and consistent findings from numerous studies indicate that the choice of nutritional supplementation strategy and exercise training regimen are vital for acute and chronic performance enhancement in rowing.

中文翻译：

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赛艇的急性和慢性性能增强：营养和训练效果的网络元分析方法

介绍

该系统回顾和网络荟萃分析通过直接和间接比较评估了不同营养补充策略和运动干预对急性和慢性赛艇表现及其替代指标的影响的发生和程度。

方法

PubMed、Web of Science、PsycNET 和 SPORTDiscus 搜索一直持续到 2022 年 3 月，以确定符合以下纳入标准的研究：(a) 对照试验，(b) 赛艇表现及其替代参数作为结果，以及 (c) 同行评审并以英文出版。使用随机效应模型基于标准化均值差 (SMD) 计算频率网络元分析方法。

结果

纳入了 71 项涉及 1229 名健康赛艇运动员（年龄 21.5 ± 3.0 岁）的研究，并创建了两个主要网络（急性和慢性），每两个网络都有两个营养和运动子网络。两个网络都显示出低异质性和不显着的不一致性（I ²  ≤ 35.0% 和 Q 统计：p ≥ 0.12)。根据 P 分数排名，咖啡因（P 分数 84%；SMD 0.43）在急性划船性能增强方面显示出相关的有利影响，同时先前的体重减轻（P 分数 10%；SMD − 0.48）和广泛的预紧力（ P 分数 18%；SMD − 0.34) 损害急性划船性能。慢性血流限制训练（P 分数 96%；SMD 1.26）以及 β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸和肌酸的组合（P 分数 91%；SMD 1.04）产生了显着的积极影响，而慢性螺旋藻（P-得分 7%；SMD - 1.05）和黑醋栗（P 得分 9%；SMD - 0.88）补充剂显示出损伤效应。

结论

来自大量研究的同质且一致的结果表明，营养补充策略和运动训练方案的选择对于赛艇的急性和慢性性能增强至关重要。