Second language (L2) speakers often experience difficulties in learning words with L2-specific phonemes due to the unfaithful lexical encoding predicted by the fuzzy lexical representations hypothesis. Currently, there is limited understanding of how allophonic variation in the first language (L1) influences L2 phonological and lexical encoding. We report how the Mandarin Chinese L1 phonemic inventory and allophonic variation subject to phonotactic constraints predict phonological encoding problems for novel L2 English words with the /v/–/w/ contrast. L1 English and L1 Chinese participants speaking two varieties of Mandarin Chinese differing as to the presence of [ʋ]–[w] allophonic variation for the /w/ phoneme participated in a vocabulary learning task. The novel L2 words with the /v/–/w/ contrast were systematically less robustly encoded than the control words on the day of training and 24 hours later. The degree of fuzziness in lexical representations was jointly predicted by L1 allophonic variation subject to phonotactic constraints and L2 phonological categorization.

中文翻译：

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母语音韵学、音位变体和音位学对非母语词汇编码的影响：词汇训练研究

由于模糊词汇表征假设预测的词汇编码不准确，第二语言 (L2) 使用者在学习具有 L2 特定音素的单词时经常会遇到困难。目前，人们对第一语言 (L1) 的异音变异如何影响 L2 语音和词汇编码的了解还很有限。我们报告了受音位限制的普通话 L1 音素库存和异音变异如何预测具有 /v/–/w/ 对比的新 L2 英语单词的音系编码问题。 L1 英语和 L1 中文参与者参与了词汇学习任务，他们讲两种普通话，其 /w/ 音素的 [ʋ]–[w] 异音变体的存在有所不同。在训练当天和 24 小时后，具有 /v/–/w/ 对比的新 L2 词的系统编码鲁棒性低于控制词。词汇表征的模糊程度是由受音位约束的 L1 音位变体和 L2 音系分类共同预测的。