ABSTRACT

Out of more than thirty strategic partnerships signed by India, its ties with the US and Russia are crucial for achieving economic and strategic objectives in the Indo-Pacific and the Eurasian region respectively. There was a growing convergence on bilateral, regional, and global issues with the US during Trump years, but there was divergence between the two countries on Russia. While Washington perceived Russia as a competitor and interfering in the domestic affairs of the US, Moscow on the other hand perceived the US as attempting to not only expand its influence in Russia’s backyard but also undermining Russia’s leadership and its political system. The relationship was also adversarial because the Sino-American escalation coincided with an increasing Russia-China bonhomie. Russia remained a valuable partner for India and India hoped for improved US-Russia ties under Trump. However, adversarial US-Russia ties cast a dark shadow on India-Russia ties. The US complained and was even contemplating sanctions on India for its purchase of S400 air defense systems from Russia. India’s reliance on Russian defence equipment and its policy of multi-alignment further increased tensions between India and the US although India-US strategic alignment has increased under Trump.

摘要

在印度签署的三十多个战略伙伴关系中，印度与美国和俄罗斯的关系对于实现印太地区和欧亚地区的经济和战略目标至关重要。在特朗普执政期间，两国在双边、地区和全球问题上越来越趋同，但两国在俄罗斯问题上存在分歧。在华盛顿将俄罗斯视为竞争对手并干涉美国内政的同时，莫斯科则认为美国不仅试图扩大其在俄罗斯后院的影响力，而且还试图破坏俄罗斯的领导地位和政治制度。这种关系也是敌对的，因为中美关系升级恰逢俄中关系日益友好。俄罗斯仍然是印度的重要合作伙伴，印度希望在特朗普领导下改善美俄关系。然而，敌对的美俄关系给印俄关系蒙上了阴影。美国抱怨甚至考虑对印度从俄罗斯购买 S400 防空系统的行为实施制裁。印度对俄罗斯国防装备的依赖及其多边结盟政策进一步加剧了印美之间的紧张关系，尽管在特朗普领导下印美战略联盟有所增加。