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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the Classification of Residual Tumor After Resection for the Forthcoming (Ninth) Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Frank C. Detterbeck MD, Marcin Ostrowski MD, Hans Hoffmann MD, Ramón Rami-Porta MD FETCS, Ray U. Osarogiagbon M.B.B.S., Jessica Donnington MD MSCR, Maurizio Infante MD, Mirella Marino MD, Edith M. Marom MD, Jun Nakajima MD, Andrew G. Nicholson DM FRCPath., Paul van Schil MD, William D. Travis MD, Ming S. Tsao MD, John G. Edwards PhD FRCS(C/Th), Hisao Asamura MD, Members of the Staging and Prognostic
The goal of surgical resection is to completely remove a cancer; it is useful to have a system to describe how well this was accomplished. This is captured by the residual tumor (R) classification, which is separate from the TNM classification that describes the anatomic extent of a cancer independent of treatment. The traditional R-classification designates as R0 a complete resection, as R1 a macroscopically
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EGFR Oncogenic Mutations in NSCLC Impair Macrophage Phagocytosis and Mediate Innate Immune Evasion Through Up-Regulation of CD47 J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Li-Yang Hu MD, Wei-Tao Zhuang MD, Mao-Jian Chen MD PhD, Jun Liao MD, Dong-Fang Wu PhD, Ya-Xiong Zhang MD, Lan-Lan Pang MD, Yi-Hua Huang MD, Tian-Qin Mao MSc, Meng-Juan Yang BSc, Pei-Jian Peng PhD MD, Jin-Xia Liang PhD, Liang Chen PhD, Lin-Juan Zeng MD PhD, Li Zhang MD PhD, Wen-Feng Fang MD PhD
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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Mesothelioma Staging Project: Proposals for Revisions of the “T” Descriptors in the Forthcoming Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification for Pleural Mesothelioma J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Ritu R. Gill M.B.B.S. MPH, Anna K. Nowak M.B.B.S. PhD, Dorothy J. Giroux MS, Megan Eisele MS, Adam Rosenthal MS, Hedy Kindler MD, Andrea Wolf MD MPH, Robert T. Ripley MD, Andre Billé MD PhD, David Rice MD, Isabelle Opitz MD, Andreas Rimner MD, Marc de Perrot MD, Harvey I. Pass MD, Valerie W. Rusch MD, members of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors
The primary tumor (T) component in the eighth edition of pleural mesothelioma (PM) staging system is based on pleural involvement and extent of invasion. Quantitative assessment of pleural tumor has been found to be prognostic. We explored quantitative and qualitative metrics to develop recommendations for T descriptors in the upcoming ninth edition of the PM staging system. The International Association
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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Staging Project for Lung Cancer: Recommendation to Introduce Spread Through Air Spaces as a Histologic Descriptor in the Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer. Analysis of 4061 Pathologic Stage I NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 William D. Travis MD, Megan Eisele MS, Katherine K. Nishimura PhD MPH, Rania G. Aly MD PhD, Pietro Bertoglio MD, Teh-Ying Chou MD, Frank C. Detterbeck MD, Jessica Donnington MD, Wentao Fang MD, Philippe Joubert MD PhD, Kemp Kernstine MD PhD, Young Tae Kim MD PhD, Yolande Lievens MD PhD, Hui Liu PhD, Gustavo Lyons MD, Mari Mino-Kenudson MD, Andrew G. Nicholson DM FRCPath, Mauro Papotti MD, Ramon Rami-Porta
Spread through air spaces (STAS) consists of lung cancer tumor cells that are identified beyond the edge of the main tumor in the surrounding alveolar parenchyma. It has been reported by meta-analyses to be an independent prognostic factor in the major histologic types of lung cancer, but its role in lung cancer staging is not established. To assess the clinical importance of STAS in lung cancer staging
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Unveiling the Landscape of Uncommon EGFR Mutations in NSCLC-A Systematic Review J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Maxime Borgeaud MD, Kaushal Parikh MD, Giuseppe Luigi Banna MD, Floryane Kim MD, Timothée Olivier MD, Xiuning Le MD PhD, Alfredo Addeo MD
Uncommon EGFR mutations represent a rare subgroup of NSCLC. Data on the efficacy of different generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in these rare mutations are scattered and limited to mostly retrospective small cohorts because these patients were usually excluded from clinical trials. This was a systematic review on the efficacy of TKIs in patients harboring uncommon EGFR mutations, defined
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Evaluation of Major Pathologic Response and Pathologic Complete Response as Surrogate End Points for Survival in Randomized Controlled Trials of Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Resectable in NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jacobi B. Hines MD, Robert B. Cameron MD PhD, Alessandra Esposito PhD, Leeseul Kim MD, Luca Porcu PhD, Antonio Nuccio MD, Giuseppe Viscardi MD PhD, Roberto Ferrara MD, Giulia Veronesi MD, Patrick M. Forde MD, Janis Taube MD, Everett Vokes MD, Christine M. Bestvina MD, James M. Dolezal MD PhD, Matteo Sacco BSCE, Marta Monteforte MD, Tina Cascone MD PhD, Marina C. Garassino MD, Valter Torri MD
Controversy remains as to whether pathologic complete response (pCR) and major pathologic response (MPR) represent surrogate end points for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in neoadjuvant trials for resectable NSCLC. A search of PubMed and archives of international conference abstracts was performed from June 2017 through October 31, 2023. Studies incorporating a neoadjuvant arm
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Tislelizumab Plus Platinum and Etoposide Versus Placebo Plus Platinum and Etoposide as First-Line Treatment for Extensive-Stage SCLC (RATIONALE-312): A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Phase 3 Clinical Trial J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Ying Cheng MD, Yun Fan MD, Yanqiu Zhao MD, Dingzhi Huang MD, Xingya Li MD, Peng Zhang MD, Mafei Kang MD, Nong Yang MD, Diansheng Zhong MD, Zhen Wang MD, Yan Yu MD, Yu Zhang MD, Jun Zhao MD, Tai Qin MD, Chenqi Chen MS, Shiangjiin Leaw MD, Wenjuan Zheng MD, Yong Song MD, RATIONALE-312 Study Group
Extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) prognosis remains poor. The phase 3 RATIONALE-312 study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for ES-SCLC. RATIONALE-312 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, conducted in the People's Republic of China. Eligible patients with previously untreated ES-SCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive four
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Response to Letter to the Editor J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mi Hee Cho MD PhD, Jong Ho Cho MD PhD, Dong Wook Shin MD DrPH MBA
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Chemotherapy and Osimertinib Combination Should Be the First-Line Treatment for All Advanced EGFR+ NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Lanyi Nora Chen MD, Alexandria T.M. Lee MD, Misako Nagasaka MD PhD, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou MD PhD
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MUC1-C: The Occam Razor of Osimertinib Resistance? J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Anirudh Yalamanchali MD MS, Khaled A. Hassan MD MS
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How Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Increase the Risk of Lung Cancer? J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Bo-Guen Kim MD PhD, Sanghyuk Yoon MPH, Sun Yeop Lee MS, Jang Won Sohn MD PhD, Dong Won Park MD PhD
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Chemotherapy and Osimertinib Combination Should Not Be the First-Line Treatment for All Advanced EGFR+ NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Sun Min Lim MD PhD, Jii Bum Lee MD, Byoung Chul Cho MD PhD
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Response to Letter to the Editor J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 N, o, b, u, t, e, r, u, , K, u, b, o, , M, D, , P, h, D
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Considerations for Enhancing Lung Cancer Risk Prediction and Screening in Asian Populations J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 K, e, v, i, n, , t, e, n, , H, a, a, f, , P, h, D
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Lung Cancer in Switzerland J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Raphael Sven Werner MD MSc, Alessandra Curioni-Fontecedro MD, Laetitia A. Mauti MD, Alfredo Addeo MD, Solange Peters MD PhD, Thomas Frauenfelder MD, Milo A. Puhan MD PhD, Martina Haberecker MD, Lukas Bubendorf MD, Tobias Finazzi MD, Matthias Guckenberger MD, Stefano Cafarotti MD, Thomas Geiser MD, Isabelle Opitz MD, SAKK
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Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Bispecific Antibodies: Using Nunchucks to Fight an Old Adversary J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Floris Dammeijer MD PhD, Daphne W. Dumoulin MD, Joachim G.J.V. Aerts MD PhD
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Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Lung Tumors: Adding a New Layer of Complexity on Pie Slices J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Massimiliano Cani MD, Silvia Novello PhD, Paolo Bironzo PhD
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Survival and Prognosis After Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy in Patients With NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Chen-Pi Li MS, Ru-Yin Tsai PhD, Hui-Chin Chang MLS, Shuo-Yan Gau
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Invasive Size in Lung Adenocarcinoma—Reproducible Criteria, More Accurate Staging J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 A, l, a, i, n, , C, ., , B, o, r, c, z, u, k, , M, D
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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the TNM Stage Groups in the Forthcoming (Ninth) Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ramón Rami-Porta MD, Katherine K. Nishimura PhD MPH, Dorothy J. Giroux MS, Frank Detterbeck MD, Giuseppe Cardillo FRCS FETCS, John G. Edwards PhD FRCS(C/Th), Kwun M. Fong MD M.B.B.S. FRACP, Meredith Giuliani M.B.B.S., James Huang MD, Kemp H. Kernstine Sr. MD PhD, Edith M. Marom MD, Andrew G. Nicholson DM FRCPath., Paul E. Van Schil MD, William D. Travis MD, Ming S. Tsao MD, Shun-Ichi Watanabe MD, Valerie
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Passive Smoking–Induced Mutagenesis as a Promoter of Lung Carcinogenesis J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Akifumi Mochizuki MD, Kouya Shiraishi PhD, Takayuki Honda MD PhD, Ryoko Inaba Higashiyama MD, Kuniko Sunami MD PhD, Maiko Matsuda MS, Yoko Shimada MS, Yasunari Miyazaki MD PhD, Yukihiro Yoshida MD PhD, Shun-Ichi Watanabe MD PhD, Yasushi Yatabe MD PhD, Ryuji Hamamoto PhD, Takashi Kohno PhD
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified passive smoking (PS) or secondhand smoke exposure as a group 1 carcinogen linked to lung cancer. However, in contrast to active smoking, the mutagenic properties of PS remain unclear. A consecutive cohort of 564 lung adenocarcinoma samples from female never-smokers, who provided detailed information about their exposure to PS during adolescence
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Successful Osimertinib Rechallenge After Relapse Following Adjuvant Osimertinib: A Case Report J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Liam James Dwyer BMed MD, Nimit Singhal M.B.B.S., Bing Yu MD PhD FFSc (RCPA) FHGSA, Steven Kao MBChB. PhD
Adjuvant osimertinib represents a recent paradigm shift in the management of resected EGFR-mutated lung cancer. The optimal subsequent treatment of patients who relapse after completion of 3 years of adjuvant osimertinib is unknown. Here, we report two cases of complete response to osimertinib rechallenge after relapse from previous adjuvant osimertinib use, and a serial molecular panel exhibiting
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A Paradigm Shift in First-Line Treatment Can Have Many Implications For Second-Line Treatment J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Tadashi Nishimura
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SCLC Classification by Platinum Sensitivity in the Era of Immunotherapy: Mere Relic or a Valuable Treasure to Keep? J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Taofeek K. Owonikoko
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Partners in Crime: Co-Occurring Genetic Alterations in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Xiuning Le
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The Joint Problem of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Bonnie L. Bermas, David E. Gerber
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Is Real-World Evidence on Acquired Resistance to Osimertinib Relevant Clinically? J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Jih-Hsiang Lee
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Response to Letter to the Editor J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Mi Hee Cho, Jong Ho Cho, Dong Wook Shin
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A Response to the Letter to the Editor: “A Paradigm Shift in First-Line Treatment Can Have Many Implications for Second-Line Treatment” J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Masahiro Torasawa, Hidehito Horinouchi
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Tobacco News Update - From the IASLC Tobacco Control Committee J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05
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An Error in Modeling and the Selection of Independent Radiomics Variables Need Caution J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Cheng Yuan, Runqiu Huang, Yang Wang
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Information Bias Might Exaggerate Lung Cancer Risk of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Nobuyuki Horita, Kaoru Takase-Minegishi
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In Response J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Mi Hee Cho, Jong Ho Cho, Dong Wook Shin
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Real-World Evidence of the Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Hui-Chin Chang, Shuo-Yan Gau
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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for the Revision of the M Descriptors in the Forthcoming Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Kwun M. Fong M.B.B.S. PhD, Adam Rosenthal MS, Dorothy J. Giroux MS, Katherine K. Nishimura PhD MPH, Jeremy Erasmus MD, Yolande Lievens MD PhD, Mirella Marino MD, Edith M. Marom MD, Paul Martin Putora MD PhD, Navneet Singh MD DM FRCP, Francisco Suárez MD, Ramon Rami-Porta MD, Frank Detterbeck MD, Wilfried E.E. Eberhardt Priv.-Doz., Hisao Asamura MD, Members of the International Association for the Study
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Global Burden of Lung Cancer Attributable to Household Fine Particulate Matter Pollution in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990 to 2019 J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Run-Xuan Zhou, Hong-Jin Liao, Jun-Jie Hu, Hua Xiong, Xiu-Yu Cai, Da-Wei Ye
Household Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is significantly associated with lung cancer. Nevertheless, the global burden of lung cancer attributable to household PM2.5 is still uncertain. In this study, data from the Global Burden and Disease Study (GBD) 2019 are used to thoroughly assess the burden of lung cancer associated with household PM2.5. The number of deaths and disability-adjusted life
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The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Pleural Mesothelioma Staging Project: Expanded Database to Inform Revisions in the Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification of Pleural Mesothelioma J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Andrea S. Wolf MD MPH, Megan Eisele MS, Dorothy J. Giroux MS, Ritu Gill MD, Anna K. Nowak M.B.B.S. FRACP PhD, Andrea Bille MD, David Rice MD, Robert T. Ripley MD, Isabelle Opitz MD, Francoise Galateau-Salle MD, Seiki Hasegawa MD, Hedy L. Kindler MD, Harvey I. Pass MD, Valerie W. Rusch MD, Members of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee
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Ficonalkib (SY-3505) in Advanced ALK-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase I/Ⅱ Study J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Yuankai Shi, Xingsheng Hu, Xingya Li, Caifeng Gong, Ke Wang, Yongsheng Li, Shucai Zhang, Yongzhong Luo, Pingli Wang, Liyan Jiang, Xiangjiao Meng, Xiaorong Dong, Huijuan Wang, Runxiang Yang, Qi Mei, Baogang Liu, Limin Yang, Yinghui Sun
Introduction Treatment options for second-generation (2nd-gen) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistant patients are limited. We evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ficonalkib (SY-3505), a third-generation (3rd-gen) ALK TKI. Methods This first-in-human, phase I/Ⅱ study (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR1900025619; ClinicalTrials
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Iruplinalkib (WX-0593) Versus Crizotinib in ALK TKI-Naive Locally Advanced or Metastatic ALK-Positive NSCLC: Interim Analysis of a Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3 Study (INSPIRE) J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Yuankai Shi MD, Jianhua Chen MD, Runxiang Yang MD, Hongbo Wu MD, Zhehai Wang MD, Weihua Yang MD, Jiuwei Cui MD, Yiping Zhang MD, Chunling Liu MD, Ying Cheng MD, Yunpeng Liu MD, Jinlu Shan MD, Donglin Wang MD, Lei Yang MD, Changlu Hu MD, Jian Zhao MD, Ranhua Cao MD, Bangxian Tan MD, Ke Xu MD, Meimei Si MD PhD, Hui Li PhD, Ruifeng Mao MSc, Lingyan Li MD PhD, Xiaoyan Kang MD, Lin Wang MD
Iruplinalkib (WX-0593) is a new-generation, potent ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been found to have systemic and central nervous system (CNS) efficacy in ALK-positive NSCLC. We compared the efficacy and safety of iruplinalkib with crizotinib in patients with ALK TKI-naive, locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC. In this open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase 3 study, patients
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Consolidation Osimertinib versus Durvalumab versus Observation following Concurrent Chemoradiation in Unresectable EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Amin H. Nassar, So Yeon Kim, Jacqueline V. Aredo, Jamie Feng, Frances Shepherd, Chao Xu, David Kaldas, Jhanelle E. Gray, Thomas J. Dilling, Joel W. Neal, Heather A. Wakelee, Yufei Liu, Steven H. Lin, Tariq Abuali, Arya Amini, Yunan Nie, Tejas Patil, Anastasiya Lobachov, Jair Bar, Bailey Fitzgerald, Sarah B. Goldberg
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Lung cancer oncogene-directed therapy, fertility and pregnancy J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Emily Simons, D. Ross Camidge
Introduction Alterations in the highly-actionable lung cancer oncogenes, EGFR, ALK and ROS1, occur across the age spectrum. Pregnancy and plans for motherhood consequently overlap with diagnoses of advanced oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC.) Guidelines for cytotoxic agents and pregnancy are well-established. However, accessible data on targeted lung cancer therapy during pregnancy
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Tale of Two Cs: Inter-Relationship Between Cardiovascular and Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Heya Batah, Zoha Majeed, Rohit Moudgil
Abstract not available
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In This Issue/News in Brief J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05
Abstract not available
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Tobacco News Update - From the IASLC Tobacco Control Committee J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05
Abstract not available
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Mapping EGFR Exon 20 Resistance Mutations: An Intricate Landscape J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Surbhi Singhal, David Gandara, Jonathan W. Riess
Abstract not available
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Unraveling Pseudo Kidney Injury: The Significance of Understanding Our “MATE” in Molecular-Targeted Therapies J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Junko Tanizaki, Hidetoshi Hayashi
Abstract not available
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Comment on “Durvalumab After Sequential Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III, Unresectable NSCLC: The Phase 2 PACIFIC-6 Trial” J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Shaorong Yu, Jifeng Feng
Abstract not available
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Response to Letter to the Editor From Shaorong Yu and Jifeng Feng J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Marina C. Garassino, Corinne Faivre-Finn
Abstract not available
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Pembrolizumab With or Without Lenvatinib for First-Line Metastatic Non‒Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score ≥1% (LEAP-007): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Trial J. Thorac. Oncol. (IF 20.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 James Chih-Hsin Yang, Baohui Han, Emmanuel De La Mora Jiménez, Jong-Seok Lee, Piotr Koralewski, Nuri Karadurmus, Shunichi Sugawara, Lorenzo Livi, Naveen S. Basappa, Xavier Quantin, Julia Dudnik, Diego Moran Ortiz, Tarek Mekhail, Chinyere E. Okpara, Corina Dutcus, Zachary Zimmer, Ayman Samkari, Niyati Bhagwati, Tibor Csőszi
Introduction Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab demonstrated antitumor activity and acceptable safety in previously treated metastatic NSCLC. We evaluated first-line lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus placebo plus pembrolizumab in metastatic NSCLC in the LEAP-007 study (NCT03829332/NCT04676412). Methods Patients with previously untreated stage IV NSCLC with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor