Peptide-based nanostructures have received much attention in the field of drug targeting. In fact, peptides have many advantages such as simplicity of the structure, biocompatibility, and chemical diversity. Moreover, some peptides, which are called cell-penetrating peptides, can cross cellular membranes and carry small molecules, small interfering RNA, or viruses inside live cells. These molecules are often covalently or noncovalently linked to cargoes, thus forming amphiphilic conjugates that can self-assemble. Supramolecular nanostructures formed from peptides are used in nanomedicine as a carrier to protect a drug and to target cancer cells. This review explores aliphatic-chain–conjugated peptides and drug-conjugated peptides that can self-assemble. Special emphasis is placed on the synthesis procedure, nanostructure formation, and biological activity.

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基于肽的纳米结构在药物靶向领域受到了广泛关注。实际上，肽具有许多优点，例如结构简单，生物相容性和化学多样性。而且，某些被称为细胞穿透肽的肽可以穿过细胞膜并在活细胞内携带小分子，小干扰RNA或病毒。这些分子通常与货物共价或非共价连接，从而形成可以自组装的两亲性结合物。由肽形成的超分子纳米结构在纳米医学中用作载体，以保护药物并靶向癌细胞。这篇综述探讨了可以自组装的脂族链缀合肽和药物缀合肽。特别强调合成程序，纳米结构的形成，

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