Here, we fabricated the ionic liquid (IL) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (PVDF-g-IL) via electron-beam irradiation to fight common bacteria and multidrug-resistant “superbugs”. Two types of ILs, 1-vinyl-3-butylimmidazolium chloride (IL (Cl)) and 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL (BF₄)), were used. It was found that the PVDF-g-IL exhibited superior antibacterial performance, with almost the same mechanical and thermal performance as unmodified PVDF. Nonwovens and films made from PVDF-g-IL materials exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against common bacteria and “superbugs” with the strong electrostatic interactions between ILs and microbial cell membranes. With extremely low IL loading (0.05 wt %), the cell reduction of PVDF-g-IL (Cl) nonwovens improved from 0.2 to 4.4 against S. aureus. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of PVDF-g-IL nonwovens was permanent for the covalent bonds between ILs and polymer chains. The work provides a simple strategy to immobilize ionic antibacterial agents onto polymer substrates, which may have great potential applications in healthcare and household applications.

中文翻译：

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耐用的抗Superbug聚合物：离子液体与聚合物链的共价键合

在这里，我们通过电子束辐照制备了离子液体（IL）接枝的聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）（PVDF - g -IL），以对抗常见细菌和耐多药的“超级细菌”。使用两种类型的IL，即1-乙烯基-3-丁基咪唑鎓氯化物（IL（Cl））和1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑鎓四氟硼酸盐（IL（BF ₄））。发现PVDF- g- IL表现出优异的抗菌性能，与未改性的PVDF几乎具有相同的机械和热性能。由PVDF- g制成的无纺布和薄膜-IL材料表现出对常见细菌和“超级细菌”的广谱抗菌活性，并且IL与微生物细胞膜之间具有很强的静电相互作用。在极低的IL负载量（0.05 wt％）下，针对金黄色葡萄球菌的PVDF- g -IL（Cl）非织造布的泡孔减少从0.2改善到4.4 。此外，PVDF- g- IL无纺布的抗菌活性对于IL和聚合物链之间的共价键是永久的。这项工作提供了一种将离子抗菌剂固定在聚合物基质上的简单策略，这在医疗保健和家庭应用中可能具有巨大的潜在应用。