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Seizure onset zone localization using postictal hypoperfusion detected by arterial spin labelling MRI
Brain ( IF 14.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-28 , DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx241
Ismael Gaxiola-Valdez 1, 2 , Shaily Singh 1, 3 , Tefani Perera 1, 2 , Sherry Sandy 3 , Emmy Li 1, 2, 4 , Paolo Federico 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

Neurological dysfunction following epileptic seizures is a well-recognized phenomenon. Several potential mechanisms have been suggested to explain postictal dysfunction, with alteration in cerebral blood flow being one possibility. These vascular disturbances may be long lasting and localized to brain areas involved in seizure generation and propagation, as supported by both animal and human studies. Therefore, measuring perfusion changes in the postictal period may help localize the seizure onset zone. Arterial spin labelling is a non-invasive, rapid and reproducible magnetic resonance imaging technique that measures cerebral perfusion. To this end, we measured postictal perfusion in patients with drug resistant focal epilepsy who were admitted to our seizure-monitoring unit for presurgical evaluation. Twenty-one patients were prospectively recruited and underwent arterial spin labelling scanning within 90 min of a habitual seizure. Patients also underwent a similar scan in the interictal period, after they were seizure-free for at least 24 h. The acquired scans were subtracted to identify the areas of significant postictal hypoperfusion. The location of the maximal hypoperfusion was compared to the presumed seizure onset zone to assess for concordance. Also, the localizing value of this technique was compared to other structural and functional imaging modalities. Postictal perfusion reductions of >15 units (ml/100 g/l) were seen in 15/21 patients (71.4%). In 12/15 (80%) of these patients, the location of the hypoperfusion was partially or fully concordant with the location of the presumed seizure onset zone. This technique compared favourably to other neuroimaging modalities, being similar or superior to structural magnetic resonance imaging in 52% of cases, ictal single-photon emission computed tomography in 60% of cases and interictal positron emission tomography in 71% of cases. Better arterial spin labelling results were obtained in patients in whom the seizure onset zone was discernible based on non-invasive data. Thus, this technique is a safe, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive tool to detect postictal hypoperfusion that may provide useful data to localize the seizure onset zone. This technique may be incorporated into the battery of conventional investigations for presurgical evaluation of patients with drug resistant focal epilepsy.

中文翻译:

通过动脉自旋标记MRI检测到的发作后灌注不足引起的癫痫发作发作区域定位

癫痫发作后的神经功能障碍是公认的现象。已经提出了几种可能的机制来解释邮政功能障碍,其中脑血流改变是一种可能。在动物和人体研究的支持下,这些血管疾病可能持续很长时间,并局限于与癫痫发作和传播有关的大脑区域。因此,测量发作期的灌注变化可能有助于定位癫痫发作区。动脉自旋标记是一种无创,快速且可再现的磁共振成像技术,可测量脑灌注。为此,我们测量了耐药性癫痫患者的癫痫发作后灌注情况,这些患者被纳入癫痫发作监测单元进行术前评估。前瞻性招募了21例患者,并在习惯性发作后90分钟内进行了动脉旋转标记扫描。在无癫痫发作至少24小时后,患者在发作期也进行了类似的扫描。减去获得的扫描图,以识别严重的术后血流灌注不足的区域。将最大灌注不足的位置与假定的癫痫发作区进行比较,以评估一致性。另外,将该技术的定位价值与其他结构和功能成像模态进行了比较。在15/21例患者中,邮政灌注减少量减少了> 15个单位(ml / 100 g / l)(71.4%)。在这些患者中的12/15(80%)中,灌注不足的位置与假定的癫痫发作区的位置部分或完全一致。这项技术与其他神经成像方式相比具有优势,在52%的病例中与结构磁共振成像相似或更好,在60%的病例中使用了单眼的单光子发射计算机断层扫描,在71%的病例中进行了间期正电子发射断层扫描。根据非侵入性数据,可识别癫痫发作区的患者可获得更好的动脉旋转标记结果。因此,该技术是一种安全的,非侵入性的且相对便宜的工具,可检测出术后的血流灌注不足,可提供有用的数据来定位癫痫发作区。可以将该技术结合到常规研究的电池中,以对耐药性局灶性癫痫患者进行术前评估。在52%的病例中,其与结构磁共振成像相似或优于结构磁共振成像;在60%的病例中,有Ital单光子发射计算机断层扫描;在71%的病例中,有Icital正电子发射断层扫描。根据非侵入性数据,可识别癫痫发作区的患者可获得更好的动脉旋转标记结果。因此,该技术是一种安全的,非侵入性的且相对便宜的工具,可检测出术后的血流灌注不足,可提供有用的数据来定位癫痫发作区。可以将该技术结合到常规研究的电池中,以对耐药性局灶性癫痫患者进行术前评估。在52%的病例中,其与结构磁共振成像相似或优于结构磁共振成像;在60%的病例中,有Ital单光子发射计算机断层扫描;在71%的病例中,有Icital正电子发射断层扫描。根据非侵入性数据,可识别癫痫发作区的患者可获得更好的动脉旋转标记结果。因此,该技术是一种安全,非侵入性且相对便宜的工具,可以检测出术后的血流灌注不足,可以提供有用的数据来定位癫痫发作区。可以将该技术结合到常规研究的电池中,以对耐药性局灶性癫痫患者进行术前评估。根据非侵入性数据,可识别癫痫发作区的患者可获得更好的动脉旋转标记结果。因此,该技术是一种安全的,非侵入性的且相对便宜的工具,可检测出术后的血流灌注不足,可提供有用的数据来定位癫痫发作区。可以将该技术结合到常规研究的电池中,以对耐药性局灶性癫痫患者进行术前评估。根据非侵入性数据,可识别癫痫发作区的患者可获得更好的动脉旋转标记结果。因此,该技术是一种安全的,非侵入性的且相对便宜的工具,可检测出术后的血流灌注不足,可提供有用的数据来定位癫痫发作区。可以将该技术结合到常规研究的电池中,以对耐药性局灶性癫痫患者进行术前评估。
更新日期:2017-11-17
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