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Early relapse after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation remains a poor prognostic factor in multiple myeloma but outcomes have improved over time.
Leukemia ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-Apr-01 , DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.331
S K Kumar , A Dispenzieri , R Fraser , F Mingwei , G Akpek , R Cornell , M Kharfan-Dabaja , C Freytes , S Hashmi , G Hildebrandt , L Holmberg , R Kyle , H Lazarus , C Lee , J Mikhael , T Nishihori , J Tay , S Usmani , D Vesole , R Vij , B Wirk , A Krishnan , C Gasparetto , T Mark , Y Nieto , P Hari , A D'Souza

Duration of initial disease response remains a strong prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM) particularly for upfront autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) recipients. We hypothesized that new drug classes and combinations employed prior to AHCT as well as after post-AHCT relapse may have changed the natural history of MM in this population. We analyzed the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database to track overall survival (OS) of MM patients receiving single AHCT within 12 months after diagnosis (N=3256) and relapsing early post-AHCT (<24 months), and to identify factors predicting for early vs late relapses (24-48 months post-AHCT). Over three periods (2001-2004, 2005-2008, 2009-2013), patient characteristics were balanced except for lower proportion of Stage III, higher likelihood of one induction therapy with novel triplets and higher rates of planned post-AHCT maintenance over time. The proportion of patients relapsing early was stable over time at 35-38%. Factors reducing risk of early relapse included lower stage, chemosensitivity, transplant after 2008 and post-AHCT maintenance. Shorter post-relapse OS was associated with early relapse, IgA MM, Karnofsky <90, stage III, >1 line of induction and lack of maintenance. Post-AHCT early relapse remains a poor prognostic factor, even though outcomes have improved over time.

中文翻译:

自体造血细胞移植后的早期复发仍然是多发性骨髓瘤的不良预后因素,但结局随着时间的推移有所改善。

初始疾病反应的持续时间仍然是多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的重要预后因素,特别是对于前期自体造血细胞移植(AHCT)受者。我们假设在AHCT之前以及AHCT复发后使用的新药物类别和组合可能已经改变了该人群中MM的自然史。我们分析了国际血液和骨髓移植研究中心的数据库,以追踪诊断为单发AHCT的MM患者在诊断后12个月内(N = 3256)和AHCT术后早期复发(<24个月)的总体生存率,并确定预测早期复发与晚期复发(AHCT后24-48个月)的因素。在三个阶段(2001-2004年,2005-2008年,2009-2013年)中,患者特征得到了平衡,但第三阶段所占比例较低,一种新型三联体的诱导治疗的可能性更高,并且随着时间的推移,计划进行的AHCT后维持率也会更高。随着时间的流逝,早期复发的患者比例稳定在35-38%。降低早期复发风险的因素包括较低的阶段,化学敏感性,2008年后的移植和AHCT后的维持。较短的复发后OS与早期复发,IgA MM,Karnofsky <90,III期,> 1诱导线和缺乏维护有关。AHCT后的早期复发仍然是不良的预后因素,即使结果随着时间的推移有所改善。在2008年以后进行移植和AHCT之后的维护。较短的复发后OS与早期复发,IgA MM,Karnofsky <90,III期,> 1诱导线和缺乏维护有关。AHCT后的早期复发仍然是不良的预后因素,即使结果随着时间的推移有所改善。在2008年以后进行移植和AHCT之后的维护。较短的复发后OS与早期复发,IgA MM,Karnofsky <90,III期,> 1诱导线和缺乏维护有关。AHCT后的早期复发仍然是不良的预后因素,即使结果随着时间的推移有所改善。
更新日期:2017-11-16
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