Plasma catalysis has drawn attention from the plasma and chemical engineering communities in the past few decades as a possible alternative to the long-established Haber–Bosch process for ammonia production. The highly reactive electrons, ions, atoms, and radicals in the plasma significantly enhance the chemical kinetics, allowing ammonia to be produced at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. However, despite the promise of plasma catalysis, its performance is still well short of that of the Haber–Bosch process. This is at least in part due to the lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying the plasma–catalyst interactions. Gaining such an understanding is a prerequisite for exploiting the potential of plasma catalysis for ammonia production. In this perspective, we discuss possible benefits and synergies of the combination of plasma and catalyst. The different regimes of plasma discharges and plasma reactor configurations are introduced and their characteristics in ammonia synthesis are compared. Based on detailed kinetic modeling work, practical ideas and suggestions to improve the energy efficiency and yield of ammonia production are presented, setting future research directions in plasma catalysis for efficient ammonia production.

中文翻译：

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等离子体催化作为氨生产的替代途径：现状，机制和进展前景

在过去的几十年中，等离子体催化已经引起了等离子体和化学工程界的关注，可以作为已建立的哈伯-博世（Haber-Bosch）制氨工艺的替代方法。等离子体中的高反应性电子，离子，原子和自由基显着增强了化学动力学，从而允许在室温和大气压下产生氨。但是，尽管有等离子体催化的希望，但其性能仍远远低于Haber-Bosch工艺的性能。这至少部分是由于缺乏对等离子体-催化剂相互作用基础的复杂机制的了解。获得这种理解是利用等离子体催化生产氨的潜力的前提。从这个角度来看，我们讨论了等离子体和催化剂组合可能带来的好处和协同作用。介绍了等离子体放电和等离子体反应器配置的不同方案，并比较了它们在氨合成中的特性。在详细的动力学建模工作的基础上，提出了提高氨生产的能源效率和产率的实践思路和建议，为等离子体催化高效生产氨提供了未来的研究方向。