We herein report a three-component cell-mimicking structure with a peroxidase-like iron oxide nanozyme as the nucleus, a molecularly imprinted hydrogel shell as cytoplasm, and a lipid bilayer membrane. The structure was characterized by cryo and negative stain TEM and also by a calcein leakage test. By introducing charged monomers, the gel shell can swell or shrink in response to salt concentration. By lowering the salt concentration, the gradual “analog” gel volume change was reflected in a switch-like “digital” colorimetric output by the burst of membrane and oxidation of substrates such as 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Controlled access was also achieved by using melittin to insert channels cross the membrane, and selective molecular transport was realized by the molecularly imprinted gel. The functions of each component are coupled, and this sophisticated tripartite structure provides a new platform for modular design of new materials. Our cell-mimicking structure is functional and it is complementary to the current protocell work that aims to understand the origin of life.

中文翻译：

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一种模拟细胞的结构，可通过分子选择性将模拟量变化转换为数字比色输出

我们在本文中报道了一种三组分细胞模拟结构，其结构以过氧化物酶样氧化铁纳米酶为核，以分子印迹水凝胶壳为胞质，以及脂质双层膜。该结构通过冷冻和负染色TEM以及钙黄绿素泄漏测试来表征。通过引入带电荷的单体，凝胶壳可以响应盐浓度而溶胀或收缩。通过降低盐浓度，逐渐的“模拟”凝胶体积变化通过膜破裂和底物（例如3,3'，5,5'-四甲基联苯胺（TMB）的氧化）以类似开关的“数字”比色输出反映出来。 ）。通过使用蜂毒肽插入跨膜的通道也可以实现受控通道，并且通过分子印迹凝胶实现选择性的分子运输。每个组件的功能是耦合的，这种复杂的三方结构为新材料的模块化设计提供了新的平台。我们的模仿细胞结构具有功能性，是当前旨在了解生命起源的原始细胞工作的补充。